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Separation effectiveness of ideal ion exchange membranes: Application of the Gibbs-Donnan theory.
PLoS One
January 2025
Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
Ion exchange membranes (IEMs) are permselective membranes that, in principle, only allow the flow of ions with a specific charge sign, opposite to that of the fixed membrane ionic groups (counter-ions). This charge-based selectivity, like the size-based selectivity of classic semipermeable membranes, leads to an uneven distribution of permeating ions on the two sides of the membrane, which allows for ion separation or recovery in various processes in industry or environmental protection. Here, we apply the principles of mass balance, charge neutrality, and equality of electrochemical potentials in the state of thermodynamic equilibrium to provide a simple method for estimating the Gibbs-Donnan factors and the equilibrium concentrations of permeating ions in two compartments separated by an ideal IEM, i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA case of severe TBI: Recovery?
Appl Neuropsychol Child
January 2025
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA.
Chronic stage neuropsychological assessments of children with severe TBI typically center around a referral question and focus on assessing cognitive, behavioral, and emotional functioning, making differential diagnoses, and planning treatment. When severe TBI-related neurological deficits are subtle and fall outside commonly assessed behavioral indicators, as can happen with theory of mind and social information processing, they can go unobserved and subsequently fail to be assessed. Additionally, should chronic stage cognitive, behavioral, and emotional assessment findings fall within the average to above average range, a child experiencing ongoing significant unassessed severe TBI-related subtle deficits could be mistakenly judged to have "recovered" from their injury; and to be experiencing no significant ongoing residual neurological deficits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvestigation of Immunoreactivity Profiles and Epitope Landscape in Divergent COVID-19 Trajectories and SARS-CoV-2 Variants.
J Proteome Res
January 2025
Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
This study aimed to elucidate the complexity of the humoral immune response in COVID-19 patients with varying disease trajectories using a SARS-CoV-2 whole proteome peptide microarray chip. The microarray, containing 5347 peptides spanning the entire SARS-CoV-2 proteome and key variants of concern, was used to analyze IgG responses in 10 severe-to-recovered, 9 nonsevere-to-severe cases, and 10 control case (5 pre-pandemic and 5 SARS-CoV-2-negative) plasma samples. We identified 1151 IgG-reactive peptides corresponding to 647 epitopes, with 207 peptides being cross-reactive across 124 epitopes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing Community Composition and Successional Theory to Guide Site-Specific Coral Reef Management.
Glob Chang Biol
January 2025
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
High spatial or temporal variability in community composition makes it challenging for natural resource managers to predict ecosystem trajectories at scales relevant to management. This is commonly the case in nearshore marine environments, where the frequency and intensity of disturbance events vary at the sub-kilometer to meter scale, creating a patchwork of successional stages within a single ecosystem. The successional stage of a community impacts its stability, recovery potential, and trajectory over time in predictable ways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPetersen's hernia with chylous ascites following laparoscopic total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y anastomosis: A case report and review of literature.
World J Gastrointest Surg
January 2025
Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Xiqing Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China.
Background: Petersen's hernia occurring through the epiploic foramen of the greater omentum, is an uncommon type of internal hernia. When it presents with complications such as chylous ascites, which is the lymphatic fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity, it is particularly rare. Following laparoscopic total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y anastomosis, the incidence of this condition is exceedingly low.
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