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Antimicrobial consumption and resistance in a tertiary care hospital in Brazil: a 7-year time series.
J Infect Dev Ctries
December 2024
Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant global public health issue, prompting this study to examine antibacterial usage and the prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) in a Brazilian hospital, particularly focusing on the ESKAPE group pathogens.
- The study employed a time series approach, analyzing data from January 2015 to December 2021, revealing increased consumption of specific antibiotics like daptomycin and linezolid, and a noteworthy rise in the incidence of certain MDROs, especially Staphylococcus spp and Enterococcus spp.
- Findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic may have worsened the trends of rising AMR, highlighting the need for ongoing surveillance to understand these epidemiological changes better.
Life history data derived from the dental histological analysis of Giraffa camelopardalis: Implications for the palaeohistology of extinct giraffids.
J Anat
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa.
The analysis of incremental marks in the enamel, dentine and cementum of extant and extinct species provides important information about the rate and pattern of tooth growth, which permits inferences about key life history traits. Traditionally, such research has mainly focused on primates, while other mammalian groups have remained relatively unexplored. In some cases, this has led to the misidentification of incremental markings and the miscalculation of dental growth parameters in non-primate taxa, which has highlighted the importance of obtaining more reliable comparative frameworks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSystemic disease activity measured with ESSDAI varies largely over 5 years in a prospective, longitudinal cohort of patients with Sjögren's disease.
RMD Open
January 2025
Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Objectives: The objectives are to evaluate variation in systemic disease activity (European Alliance of Associations For Rheumatology (EULAR) Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI)) over time at group and individual patient level and to assess associations of ESSDAI low disease activity (LDA) with other outcome measures in a standard-of-care cohort of patients with Sjögren's disease (SjD).
Methods: Patients with SjD participating in a prospective longitudinal study (REgistry of Sjögren Syndrome LongiTudinal cohort) fulfilling the 2016 American College of Rheumatology/EULAR classification criteria with ≥2 years of follow-up were included. ESSDAI was assessed at least yearly, up to 5 years.
A long-term analysis of oxidant (OX = O + NO) and its local and regional levels in Tehran, Iran, a high NO-saturated condition.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), 350 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, 159163-4311, Iran.
Oxidant (OX), the sum of ozone (O) and nitrogen dioxide (NO), is used to determine nitrogen oxides (NO)-independent regional contribution and NO-dependent local contribution. This study investigates OX trends and its local and regional levels in Tehran, Iran using the data from 21 monitoring stations from 2012 to 2022 and satellite remote sensing data (TROPOMI) for 2022. The spatiotemporal trends of O, NO, and OX are first examined using ground-based and remote sensing data, and then the polar plots are employed to identify the dominant directions of OX transport and its sources.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpatio-temporal clustering of drowning mortality in Iran, from 2005 to 2022.
Inj Prev
January 2025
Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences School of Public Health and Safety, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
Background: Drowning is a serious and neglected public health threat, and prevention of drowning has a multisectoral nature and requires multidimensional research. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the spatio-temporal variation in fatal unintentional drowning rates among the Iranian population from 2005 to 2022.
Methods: In this repeated cross-sectional study, registry data were extracted from legal medicine organisations during 2005-2022.
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