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Multi-omics analysis reveals the pre-protective mechanism of Dendrobium flexicaule polysaccharide against alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury.
Int J Biol Macromol
December 2024
College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan 430065, China. Electronic address:
Dendrobium flexicaule (DF) is an endemic plant primarily found in the mountains of central China with important medicinal and edible values. In traditional Chinese medicine, DF has the effects of nourishing stomach and "Yin", and clearing heat. At present, no studies have explored the mechanisms by which Dendrobium flexicaule polysaccharides (DFP) exert pre-protect effects against alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvestigating valence orbitals and cationic structure of 2,6-difluoropyridine high-resolution VUV-MATI spectroscopy and Franck-Condon simulations.
Phys Chem Chem Phys
December 2024
Department of Chemistry and Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
Pyridine derivatives are fundamental in fields such as organic chemistry, materials science, and pharmaceuticals, largely due to their versatile electronic properties. Fluorination of pyridine significantly alters these properties, yet the specific effects of the position and number of fluorine atoms on valence orbitals and cationic structures remain not fully understood. This study examines the impact of fluorine substitution on the valence orbitals and cationic structures of various pyridine derivatives, with a particular emphasis on 2,6-difluoropyridine (2,6-DFP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShifts in the spatiotemporal profile of inflammatory phenotypes of innate immune cells in the rat brain following acute intoxication with the organophosphate diisopropylfluorophosphate.
J Neuroinflammation
November 2024
Department of Molecular Biosciences, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Acute intoxication with cholinesterase inhibiting organophosphates (OP) can produce life-threatening cholinergic crisis and status epilepticus (SE). Survivors often develop long-term neurological consequences, including spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS) and impaired cognition. Numerous studies implicate OP-induced neuroinflammation as a pathogenic mechanism contributing to these chronic sequelae; however, little is known about the inflammatory phenotype of innate immune cells in the brain following acute OP intoxication.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroprotection by 4R-cembranoid against Gulf War Illness-related Chemicals is mediated by ERK, PI3K, and CaMKII pathways.
Neuropharmacology
February 2025
Department of Neuroscience, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, PR, 00956, USA. Electronic address:
Gulf War Illness (GWI) has been consistently linked to exposure to pyridostigmine (PB), N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), permethrin (PER), and traces of sarin. In this study, diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP, sarin surrogate) and the GWI-related chemicals were found to reduce the number of functionally active neurons in rat hippocampal slices. These findings confirm a link between GWI neurotoxicants and N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA)-mediated excitotoxicity, which was successfully reversed by Edelfosine (a phospholipase Cβ (PLCβ3) inhibitor) and Flupirtine (a Kv7 channel agonist).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNerve agent exposure and physiological stress alter brain microstructure and immune profiles after inflammatory challenge in a long-term rat model of Gulf War Illness.
Brain Behav Immun Health
December 2024
Health Effects Laboratory Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA.
Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a disorder experienced by many veterans of the 1991 Gulf War, with symptoms including fatigue, chronic pain, respiratory and memory problems. Exposure to toxic chemicals during the war, such as oil well fire smoke, pesticides, physiological stress, and nerve agents, is thought to have triggered abnormal neuroinflammatory responses that contribute to GWI. Previous studies have examined the acute effects of combined physiological stress and chemical exposures using GWI rodent models and presented findings related to neuroinflammation and changes in diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures, suggesting a neuroimmune basis for GWI.
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