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A genome-wide association study reveals fetal genetic factor for gestation length on chromosome 21 in Japanese Black cattle.
Anim Sci J
October 2024
Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 4373 Japanese Black cattle to find genetic variants linked to gestation length (GL), a key factor for neonatal health and the reproductive success of mothers.
- They discovered four significant SNPs on chromosome 21, with one SNP notably shortening GL by -2.47 days, linked to a minor allele.
- The study indicates that certain genes within a linked region (GABRB3, ARRDC4, and NR2F2) are involved in fetal glucose production and stress responses, pointing to genetic improvements that could reduce GL in cattle.
Dynamin-2 mutations linked to neonatal-onset centronuclear myopathy impair exocytosis and endocytosis in adrenal chromaffin cells.
J Neurochem
September 2024
Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. CONICET. Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Dynamins are large GTPases whose primary function is not only to catalyze membrane scission during endocytosis but also to modulate other cellular processes, such as actin polymerization and vesicle trafficking. Recently, we reported that centronuclear myopathy associated dynamin-2 mutations, p.A618T, and p.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIsothiocyanate-Corticosteroid Conjugates against asthma: Unity makes strength.
Eur J Med Chem
September 2024
Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy. Electronic address:
Asthma is a major noncommunicable disease, affecting both children and adults, and represents one of the major causes leading to high health care costs due to the need for chronic pharmacological treatments. The standard gold therapy of inflammation in asthmatic patients involves the use of glucocorticoids even if their chronic use is often related to serious adverse effects. Growing evidence suggests the biological relevance of hydrogen sulfide (HS) in the pathogenesis of airway diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFModulating Ca influx into adrenal chromaffin cells with short-duration nanosecond electric pulses.
Biophys J
August 2024
Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada. Electronic address:
Isolated bovine adrenal chromaffin cells exposed to single 2-, 4-, or 5-ns pulses undergo a rapid, transient rise in intracellular Ca mediated by Ca entry via voltage-gated Ca channels (VGCCs), mimicking the activation of these cells in vivo by acetylcholine. However, pulse durations 150 ns or longer elicit larger amplitude and longer-lived Ca responses due to Ca influx via both VGCCs and a yet to be identified plasma membrane pathway(s). To further our understanding of the differential effects of ultrashort versus longer pulse durations on Ca influx, chromaffin cells were loaded with calcium green-1 and exposed to single 3-, 5-, 11-, 25-, or 50-ns pulses applied at their respective Ca activation threshold electric fields.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of repeated HPA axis stimulation on hair cortisol concentration, growth, and behavior in preweaned dairy cattle.
J Anim Sci
January 2024
USDA-ARS, Livestock Behavior Research Unit, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
The study objective was to investigate the effect of repeated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis stimulation using synthetic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) intramuscular injections on hair cortisol concentration, growth, and behavior in preweaned dairy calves. Twenty-seven Holstein calves were assigned to nine triads (based on sex and birth order) and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) control (CON; 2 mL saline weekly); 2) moderate (MOD; alternating Cosyntropin [2 mcg/kg body weight (BW)] and saline weekly); or 3) frequent (FREQ; Cosyntropin [2 mcg/kg BW] weekly). Calves received their first injection on study day 0 (7 ± 1 d of age).
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