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Impact of 'street' benzodiazepines on drug-related deaths in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.
Drug Alcohol Rev
January 2025
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK.
Introduction: 'Street' benzodiazepines (BZD) are structurally and pharmacologically related to BZDs licensed for human use. In this study we investigated how street BZDs contribute to overall BZD use and death prevalences in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.
Methods: Data were analysed from deaths reported to the National Programme on Substance Use Mortality with post-mortem BZD detections (1999-2021), BZDs seized from music festivals (2017-2021) and drug samples with BZD detections submitted to Welsh Emerging Drugs and Identification of Novel Substances (WEDINOS) (2017-2021).
Four-year evaluation of drug-impaired driving drug concentrations.
J Anal Toxicol
November 2024
Center for Forensic Science Research and Education, 206 Welsh Rd, Horsham, PA 19044, United States.
Drug-impaired driving is a significant public health and safety concern in the USA. To help assess current patterns of drug use in drivers, we evaluated 4 years of drug positivity in a large cohort of suspected impaired drivers. Samples collected between January 2017 and December 2020 were tested via a method compliant with the National Safety Council's Alcohol, Drugs, and Impairment Division's Tier I scope of recommended drugs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of frailty on mortality and hospital admission in patients with benign pleural disease in Wales: a cohort study.
Lancet Healthy Longev
August 2024
Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Background: Pleural disease is common, representing 5% of the acute medical workload, and its incidence is rising, partly due to the ageing population. Frailty is an important feature and little is known about disease progression in patients with frailty and pleural disease. We aimed to examine the effect of frailty on mortality and other relevant outcomes in patients diagnosed with pleural disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStability of Nano-Emulsified Cannabidiol in Acidic Foods and Beverages.
Cannabis Cannabinoid Res
June 2024
Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Food and beverage products containing cannabidiol (CBD) is a growing industry, but some CBD products contain Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-THC), despite being labeled as "THC-free". As CBD can convert to Δ-THC under acidic conditions, a potential cause is the formation of Δ-THC during storage of acidic CBD products. In this study, we investigated if acidic products (pH ≤ 4) fortified with CBD would facilitate conversion to THC over a 2-15-month time period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOver-the-counter medications encountered in the postmortem pediatric population from 2010-2020.
J Anal Toxicol
August 2024
Toxicological Services, NMS Labs, 200 Welsh Rd, Horsham, PA 19044, USA.
In forensic toxicology, the pediatric population requires special focus when evaluating positive findings because of the many toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic differences (e.g., metabolic capabilities, body size, etc.
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