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A novel pulse-current waveform circuit for low-energy consumption and low-noise transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Front Neurosci
January 2025
School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, China.
Introduction: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is widely used for the noninvasive activation of neurons in the human brain. It utilizes a pulsed magnetic field to induce electric pulses that act on the central nervous system, altering the membrane potential of nerve cells in the cerebral cortex to treat certain mental diseases. However, the effectiveness of TMS can be compromised by significant heat generation and the clicking noise produced by the pulse in the TMS coil.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh spatial resolution gene expression profiling and characterization of neuroblasts migrating in the peri-injured cortex using photo-isolation chemistry.
Front Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
In the ventricular-subventricular-zone (V-SVZ) of the postnatal mammalian brain, immature neurons (neuroblasts) are generated from neural stem cells throughout their lifetime. These V-SVZ-derived neuroblasts normally migrate to the olfactory bulb through the rostral migratory stream, differentiate into interneurons, and are integrated into the preexisting olfactory circuit. When the brain is injured, some neuroblasts initiate migration toward the lesion and attempt to repair the damaged neuronal circuitry, but their low regeneration efficiency prevents functional recovery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReal-Time Unsupervised Learning and Image Recognition via Memristive Neural Integrated Chip Based on Negative Differential Resistance of Electrochemical Metallization Cell Neuron Device.
Small
January 2025
Department of Nano-scale Semiconductor Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
Spiking neurons are essential for building energy-efficient biomimetic spatiotemporal systems because they communicate with other neurons using sparse and binary signals. However, the achievable high density of artificial neurons having a capacitor for emulating the integrate function of biological neurons has a limit. Furthermore, a low-voltage operation (<1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKey regions aberrantly connected within cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit and their genetic mechanism in schizophrenia: an fMRI meta-analysis and transcriptome study.
Schizophrenia (Heidelb)
January 2025
Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Recent studies have showed aberrant connectivity of cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit (CTCC) in schizophrenia (SCZ), which might be a heritable trait. However, these individual studies vary greatly in their methods and findings, and important areas within CTCC and related genetic mechanism are unclear. We searched for consistent regions of circuit dysfunction using a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) meta-analysis, followed by meta-regression and functional annotation analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRepetitive grooming behavior following aversive stimulus coincides with a decrease in anterior hypothalamic area activity.
eNeuro
January 2025
Neuronal Circuits and Behavior Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224-6823, U.S.A.
The anterior hypothalamic area (AHA) is a key brain region for orchestrating defensive behaviors. Using in vivo calcium imaging in mice, we observed that AHA neuronal activity increases during foot shock delivery and foot-shock associated auditory cues. We found that following shock-induced increases in AHA activity, a decrease in activity coincides with the onset of grooming behavior.
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