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Our aim was to investigate the activities of antioxidative defense enzymes in the placenta, fetal blood and amnion fluid in inherited thrombophilia. Thrombophilia was associated with nearly threefold increase of activity (p < 0.001) of the placental catalase (81.

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The anti-thrombic properties of the Korean herbal medicine, Dae-Jo-Hwan (DJW), which is consisted of 11 herbs (indicated as concentrations) of Rehmanniae radix 24%, Hominis placenta 5%, Testudinis carapax 9%, Eucommiae cortex 9%, Asparagi radix 9%, Phellodendri cortex 9%, Achyranthis radix 7%, Liriopis tuber 7%, Angelicae sinensis radix 7%, Ginseng radix 6%, and Schizandrae fructus 3%, were investigated. The extracts of DJW and its 11 herbs, except G. radix, A.

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Preparation, characterization, and the crystal structure of the inhibitor ZK-807834 (CI-1031) complexed with factor Xa.

Biochemistry

October 2000

Berlex Biosciences, 15049 San Pablo Avenue, P.O. Box 4099, Richmond, California 94804-0099, USA.

Factor Xa plays a critical role in the formation of blood clots. This serine protease catalyzes the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin, the first joint step that links the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways. There is considerable interest in the development of factor Xa inhibitors for the intervention in thrombic diseases.

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Calmodulin (CaM), the ubiquitous, eukaryotic, bilobal calcium-binding regulatory protein, has been cleaved by thrombin to create two fragments. TM1 (1-106) and TM2 (107-148). NMR and CD results indicate that TMI and TM2 can associate in the presence of Ca2+ to form a complex similar to native CaM, even though the cleavage site is not in the linker region between two helix-loop-helix domains, but rather within an alpha-helix.

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Heparin has been the mainstay of anti thrombic therapy in arterial repair procedures. With increasing use of synthetic patch angioplasty (polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE] or Dacron, Medical Products, Flagstaff, AZ) to improve long-term patency and limit aneurysmal dilation, however, the use of heparin has been associated with excessive needle hole bleeding, resulting in time delay in the operating room to achieve hemostasis, as well as clinically significant blood loss. Because of the multiple sites of action of heparin in the coagulation cascade, both intravascular (desired effect) and extravascular (untoward side effect) hemostasis are impaired.

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