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Anti-GAD65 musicogenic epilepsy: Bilateral and independent mesial temporal seizures revealed by foramen ovale electrodes.
Epilepsia Open
January 2025
Epilepsy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
Musicogenic epilepsy (ME) is characterized by seizures triggered by music. The epileptogenic focus in this rare reflex epilepsy is often in the temporal lobe, although the precise localization is still unclear. A correlation between ME and the presence of GAD65 antibodies indicates a potential immunological pathogenic mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurological and Cognitive Effects of Hypothyroidism in Patients With Epilepsy: A Study on Anti-Seizure Medicines Therapy.
J Neurosci Res
January 2025
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria.
The primary objective of this study was to examine neurological disorders and cognitive impairments in patients with secondary hypothyroidism and epilepsy undergoing treatment with antiepileptic medications. The study included 184 patients divided into three groups: Group 1 (subclinical hypothyroidism, n = 60), Group 2 (manifest hypothyroidism, n = 64), and Group 3 (control, n = 60). Patients in Group 2 received levothyroxine therapy (initial dose of 25 μg/day, titrated to 50-100 μg/day), while Groups 1 and 2 were treated with anti-seizure medications (valproic acid, 40 mg/kg/day).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbnormal Astrocyte Heterogeneity in the Dentate Gyrus of Rats Prone to Audiogenic Seizures Can Be Corrected by the Nootropic Drug Piracetam.
Hippocampus
January 2025
Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, The Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Accumulating evidence indicates that inherited astrocyte dysfunction can be a primary trigger for epilepsy development; however, the available data are rather limited. In addition, astrocytes are considered as a perspective target for the design of novel and improvement of the existing antiepileptic therapy. Piracetam and related nootropic drugs are widely used in the therapy of various epileptic disorders, but detailed mechanisms of racetams action and, in particular, their effects on glial functions are poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChild Neurology: Neurophysiologic and Anatomical Correlates in Startle Epilepsy: A Comprehensive SEEG Investigation for Successful Resective Surgery.
Neurology
January 2025
From the Department of Neurological Surgery (J.K., S.H.H.), Asan Medical Center; and Department of Pediatrics (M.-J.K., M.-S.Y., T.-S.K.), Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Startle epilepsy, characterized by startle-provoked epileptic seizures, was historically recognized as one of the reflex epilepsies but currently lacks classification as a specific epileptic syndrome because of insufficient characterization. This study presents an institutional experience and review of relevant literature focusing on the neurophysiologic and anatomical aspects of startle epilepsy. We describe a pediatric patient with an underlying structural etiology of left frontal encephalomalacia who continued to experience disabling seizures despite multiple antiseizure medications and previous palliative surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFYield of Tilt Table Test in Diagnosing Syncope in Patients With Suspected Neurally Mediated Syncope.
Cardiol Res
December 2024
Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSH&RC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Background: Syncope is a common medical condition. The reflex or neurally mediated syncope (NMS) is the most frequent type. The tilt table test (TTT) helps distinguish syncope from other common causes of complete loss of consciousness, such as epilepsy, define syncope subtypes and guide management.
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