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The Interaction Between Vowel Quality and Intensity in Loudness Perception of Short Vowels in Mongolian.
J Speech Lang Hear Res
January 2025
School of Humanities, Shenzhen University, China.
Purpose: This study investigated the influence of vowel quality on loudness perception and stress judgment in Mongolian, an agglutinative language with free word stress. We aimed to explore the effects of intrinsic vowel features, presentation order, and intensity conditions on loudness perception and stress assignment.
Method: Eight Mongolian short vowel phonemes (/ɐ/, /ə/, /i/, /ɪ/, /ɔ/, /o/, /ʊ/, and /u/) were recorded by a native Mongolian speaker of the Urad subdialect (the Chahar dialect group) in Inner Mongolia.
The calcitron: A simple neuron model that implements many learning rules via the calcium control hypothesis.
PLoS Comput Biol
January 2025
Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Theoretical neuroscientists and machine learning researchers have proposed a variety of learning rules to enable artificial neural networks to effectively perform both supervised and unsupervised learning tasks. It is not always clear, however, how these theoretically-derived rules relate to biological mechanisms of plasticity in the brain, or how these different rules might be mechanistically implemented in different contexts and brain regions. This study shows that the calcium control hypothesis, which relates synaptic plasticity in the brain to the calcium concentration ([Ca2+]) in dendritic spines, can produce a diverse array of learning rules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative analysis of antibiotic resistance genes between fresh pig manure and composted pig manure in winter, China.
PLoS One
January 2025
School of Environmental Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Food Composition and Quality Assessment, Kaifeng, China.
Antibiotic resistance is a critical global public health issue. The gut microbiome acts as a reservoir for numerous antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which influence both existing and future microbial populations within a community or ecosystem. However, the differences in ARG expression between fresh and composted feces remain poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSubunit-specific conductance of single homomeric and heteromeric HCN pacemaker channels at femtosiemens resolution.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2025
Institut für Physiologie II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena 07740, Germany.
In mammals, the four subunit isoforms HCN1-4 assemble to form functional homotetrameric and heterotetrameric hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-modulated (HCN) ion channels. Despite the outstanding relevance of HCN channels for organisms, including generating electrical rhythmicity in cardiac pacemaker cells and diverse types of brain neurons, key channel properties are still elusive. In particular, the unitary conductance, of HCN channels is highly controversial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMachine-Learning Modeling of Elemental Ferroelectric Bismuth Monolayer.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
Xi'an Jiaotong University, School of Microelectronics & State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an 710049, China.
The bismuth monolayer has recently been experimentally identified as a novel platform for the investigation of two-dimensional single-element ferroelectric system. Here, we model the potential energy surface of a bismuth monolayer by employing a message-passing neural network and achieve an error smaller than 1.2 meV per atom.
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