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Eosinophils: old cells, new directions.
Front Med (Lausanne)
January 2025
Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Respiratory Service, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Eosinophils are polymorphonuclear cells that have progressively gained attention due to their involvement in multiple diseases and, more recently, in various homeostatic processes. Their well-known roles range from asthma and parasitic infections to less prevalent diseases such as eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, and hypereosinophilic syndrome. In recent years, various biological therapies targeting these cells have been developed, altering the course of eosinophilic pathologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRespiratory metrics of neonatal positive pressure ventilation on different ventilatory rates: A simulation study.
Resusc Plus
January 2025
Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Background: Effective ventilation is the core of neonatal resuscitation (NR). T-piece resuscitators (TPR) and self-inflating bags (SIB) are the two most widely utilized resuscitation devices. Nevertheless, limited information is available regarding the respiratory metrics during NR with these devices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of using time-averaged exposure metrics on binary endpoints in exposure-response analyses.
Front Pharmacol
January 2025
Certara Inc., Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Exposure-response (ER) analyses are routinely performed as part of model-informed drug development to evaluate the risk-to-benefit ratio for dose selection, justification, and confirmation. For logistic regression analyses with binary endpoints, several exposure metrics are investigated, based on pharmacological plausibility, including time-averaged concentration to event (C). C is informative because it accounts for dose interruptions, modifications, and reductions and is therefore often compared against ER relationships identified using steady-state exposures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChanges in the provision and utilisation of health care services for chronic health conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic in rural northeast South Africa: an interrupted time series analysis.
J Glob Health
January 2025
SAMRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the provision and utilisation of health care services with varying magnitude across settings due to spatial temporal variation in the burden of COVID-19 cases and the roll-out of local COVID-19 response policies. This study assesses changes in the provision and utilisation of health care services for three major chronic health conditions (HIV/AIDS, hypertension, and diabetes) over the pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 pandemic periods in a rural South African sub-district of Agincourt.
Methods: Segmented interrupted time series regression models are applied to assess changes in the number of medication collection visits and new diagnoses for HIV/AIDS, hypertension, and diabetes from 1 January 2018 to 30 September 2021 covering the pre- COVID-19 period and the first three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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