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Complex rearrangements fuel ER and HER2 breast tumours.
Nature
January 2025
Stanford Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease whose prognosis and treatment as defined by the expression of three receptors-oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; encoded by ERBB2)-is insufficient to capture the full spectrum of clinical outcomes and therapeutic vulnerabilities. Previously, we demonstrated that transcriptional and genomic profiles define eleven integrative subtypes with distinct clinical outcomes, including four ER subtypes with increased risk of relapse decades after diagnosis. Here, to determine whether these subtypes reflect distinct evolutionary histories, interactions with the immune system and pathway dependencies, we established a meta-cohort of 1,828 breast tumours spanning pre-invasive, primary invasive and metastatic disease with whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPopulation-based anti-Müllerian hormone reference intervals help define gonadal status in the bitch.
J Am Vet Med Assoc
September 2024
5Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
Objective: To establish statistically valid, population-based reference intervals (RIs) for canine anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and define changes in AMH and inhibin-B in bitches during breeding cycles.
Methods: A homologous canine ELISA was used to measure AMH in serum samples (collected between May 2019 and July 2024) from 102 intact and 78 reportedly ovariohysterectomized (OVH) bitches and 8 bitches before and after ovariohysterectomy, and in longitudinal samples from 24 bitches undergoing breeding management. Established 95% RIs were used in a retrospective assessment of 3,193 clinical submissions.
Progesterone improves motor coordination impairments caused by postnatal hypoxic-ischemic brain insult in neonatal male rats.
Pediatr Neonatol
August 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Evolution and Reproductive Biology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Background: Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) insult in infants induces brain injury and results in motor coordination impairments associated with cerebral palsy; however, preventive measures for HI brain injury in preterm infants remain unclear. We investigated the impact of progesterone (P4) in a rat HI insult model that mimics HI brain injury in preterm infants.
Methods: Neonatal male rats with their right common carotid artery coagulated were exposed to a 1-h hypoxia (6% oxygen) on postnatal day (PND) 3.
The pathophysiology of estrogen in perinatal depression: conceptual update.
Arch Womens Ment Health
December 2024
Children's National Hospital, Developing Brain Institute and George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.
Purpose: Estrogen levels fall sharply after parturition and have long been considered an etiologic contributor to postpartum depression (PPD); however, no differences have been reported in plasma hormone concentrations in people who develop PPD. We examine the question: What is the current view of estrogen and the neurophysiologic processes it impacts in the development and treatment of PPD?
Methods: A literature review of the role of estrogen on candidate hormonal and epigenetic systems in the peripartum period was performed, including landmark historical studies and recent publications on estrogen-related research. The authors reviewed these papers and participated in reaching consensus on a conceptual framework of estrogen activity within the complexity of pregnancy physiology to examine its potential role for driving novel interventions.
Intersection of Aging and Particulate Matter 2.5 Exposure in Real World: Effects on Inflammation and Endocrine Axis Activities in Rats.
Int J Endocrinol
June 2024
Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) is detrimental to multiple organ systems.
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