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Intestinal permeability, food antigens and the microbiome: a multifaceted perspective.
Front Allergy
January 2025
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Pediatric Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
The gut barrier encompasses several interactive, physical, and functional components, such as the gut microbiota, the mucus layer, the epithelial layer and the gut mucosal immunity. All these contribute to homeostasis in a well-regulated manner. Nevertheless, this frail balance might be disrupted for instance by westernized dietary habits, infections, pollution or exposure to antibiotics, thus diminishing protective immunity and leading to the onset of chronic diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFESAT-6 protein suppresses allograft rejection by inducing CD4Foxp3 regulatory T cells through IκBα/cRel pathway.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Section of Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Background: Maintenance immunosuppression is required for suppression of alloimmunity or allograft rejection. However, continuous use of immunosuppressants may lead to various side effects, necessitating the use of alternative immunosuppressive drugs. The early secreted antigenic target of 6 kDa (ESAT-6) is a virulence factor and immunoregulatory protein of mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which alters host immunity through dually regulating development or activation of various immune cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGualou Guizhi Granule inhibits microglia-mediated neuroinflammation to protect against neuronal apoptosis and .
Front Immunol
January 2025
Institute of Structural Pharmacology and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Chemical Biology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
Object: Neuroinflammation mediated by microglia has emerged as a critical factor in ischemic stroke and neuronal damage. Gualou Guizhi Granule (GLGZG) has been shown to suppress inflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated microglia, though the underlying mechanisms and its protective effects against neuronal apoptosis remain unclear. This study aims to investigate how GLGZG regulates the Notch signaling pathway in microglia to reduce neuroinflammation and protect neurons from apoptosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecognition of by the pattern recognition molecules langerin, mannan-binding lectin, and surfactant protein D: the influence of capsular polysaccharides and wall teichoic acid.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
The innate immune system plays a critical role in the rapid recognition and elimination of pathogens through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Among these PRRs are the C-type lectins (CTLs) langerin, mannan-binding lectin (MBL), and surfactant protein D (SP-D), which recognize carbohydrate patterns on pathogens. Each represents proteins from different compartments of the body and employs separate effector mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeted correction of megabase-scale duplication in induced pluripotent stem cells and impacts on gene expression.
PeerJ
January 2025
Genomic Mechanisms of Ontogenesis, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Novosibirsk, Russia.
Copy number variations of the human gene, resulting from megabase-scale microdeletions or microduplications in the 3p26.3 region, are frequently implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders such as intellectual disability and developmental delay. However, duplication of the full-length human gene presents with variable penetrance, resulting in phenotypes that range from neurodevelopmental disorders to no visible pathologies, even within the same family.
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