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Antimicrobial and antibiofilm effect of promethazine on bacterial isolates from canine otitis externa: an in vitro study.

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November 2024

Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1315, Rodolfo Teófilo, CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1315, Rodolfo Teófilo, CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • Otitis externa is a condition in dogs where the external ear canal becomes inflamed, usually due to bacterial infections, and this study focuses on testing promethazine's effectiveness against it.
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Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China. Electronic address:

Background: Our previous clinical trial demonstrated that antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with methylene blue (MB) and potassium iodide (KI) effectively killed Candida albicans (C. albicans) in adult AIDS patients with oral candidiasis, regardless of biofilm formation or 25S rDNA genotype. This study evaluated changes in antifungal susceptibility and virulence gene expression in C.

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Phenothiazine (PTZ) derivatives have been acknowledged as versatile compounds with significant implications across various areas of medicine, particularly, in cancer research. The cytotoxic effects of synthesized compounds on both normal and cancerous cells, along with their oxidant-antioxidant properties, are pivotal factors in cancer treatment strategies. In the current study, eight new PTZ derivatives were synthesized and the compounds' cytotoxic activities were assessed by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay while the oxidant-antioxidant properties were evaluated by oxidative stress index (OSI) calculation in SH-SY5Y (a human neuroblastoma cell line), HT-29 (a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line), and PCS-201-012 (a human primary dermal fibroblast cell line) cells.

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Antibiofilm activity of promethazine against ESBL-producing strains of Escherichia coli in urinary catheters.

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Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bioprospection in Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Christus University Center, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Electronic address:

The bacterium Escherichia coli is one of the main causes of urinary tract infections. The formation of bacterial biofilms, especially associated with the use of urinary catheters, contributes to the establishment of recurrent infections and the development of resistance to treatment. Strains of E.

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