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Hepatocyte-derived extracellular vesicles regulate liver regeneration through a negative feedback mechanism.
J Extracell Biol
November 2024
Department of Radiation Oncology, Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA.
While significant progress has been made in understanding various aspects of liver regeneration, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the initiation and termination of cell proliferation in the liver following massive tissue loss or injury of liver remain unknown. As it was previously shown, the loss of liver mass affects putative hepatocyte-specific mitogenic inhibitors in the blood. Although the presence of these putative inhibitors regulating precise liver regeneration has been described in numerous publications, they have never been identified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground & Aims: Although most hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases are driven by hepatitis and cirrhosis, a subset of patients with chronic hepatitis B develop HCC in the absence of advanced liver disease, indicating the oncogenic potential of hepatitis B virus (HBV). We investigated the role of HBV transcripts and proteins on HCC development in the absence of inflammation in HBV-transgenic mice.
Methods: HBV-transgenic mice replicating HBV and expressing all HBV proteins from a single integrated 1.
Circulating plasma fibronectin affects tissue insulin sensitivity, adipocyte differentiation, and transcriptional landscape of adipose tissue in mice.
Physiol Rep
July 2024
Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences (Biomedical Sciences), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Plasma fibronectin (pFN) is a hepatocyte-derived circulating extracellular matrix protein that affects cell morphology, adipogenesis, and insulin signaling of adipocytes in vitro. In this study, we show pFN accrual to adipose tissue and its contribution to tissue homeostasis in mice. Hepatocyte-specific conditional Fn1 knockout mice (Fn1-/-ALB) show a decrease in adipose tissue FN levels and enhanced insulin sensitivity of subcutaneous (inguinal), visceral (epididymal) adipose tissue on a normal diet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegrative regulation of hLMR1 by dietary and genetic factors in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hyperlipidemia.
Hum Genet
July 2024
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes represent a large class of transcripts that are widely expressed across species. As most human lncRNAs are non-conserved, we recently employed a unique humanized liver mouse model to study lncRNAs expressed in human livers. We identified a human hepatocyte-specific lncRNA, hLMR1 (human lncRNA metabolic regulator 1), which is induced by feeding and promotes hepatic cholesterol synthesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNuclear Acly protects the liver from ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Hepatology
November 2024
Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Background And Aims: Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is the most common complication that occurs in liver surgery and hemorrhagic shock. ATP citrate lyase (Acly) plays a pivotal role in chromatin modification via generating acetyl-CoA for histone acetylation to influence biological processes. We aim to examine the roles of Acly, which is highly expressed in hepatocytes, in liver IR injury.
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