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The Unknown within the Known: Nucleolus, Understudied Compartment in the Filamentous Fungi.
Mycobiology
July 2024
Plant Immunity Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Nucleolus is the most conspicuous sub-nuclear compartment that is well known as the site of RNA polymerase I-mediated rDNA transcription and assembly of ribosome subunits in eukaryotes. Recent studies on mammalian cells suggest that functions of nucleolus are not limited to ribosome biogenesis, and that nucleolus is involved in a diverse array of nuclear and cellular processes such as DNA repair, stress responses, and protein sequestration. In fungi, knowledge of nucleolus and its functions was primarily gleaned from the budding yeast.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Parental Centromere Sizes Remain Unaltered in Allopolyploid Wheat-Rye Hybrids.
Cytogenet Genome Res
December 2024
Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.
Introduction: In chromatin nucleosomes, the presence - instead of canonical histone H3 - of its variant, CENH3 (in plants), is considered the most reliable marker of the location of centromeres. In this study, we investigated the effects of distant hybridization and maternal cytoplasm on centromere size in allopolyploid hybrids between wheat and rye as compared to their parental forms.
Methods: Centromere sizes were measured using 2D images of CENH3 fluorescent signals on interphase nuclei obtained from parental forms and a triticale hybrid (genomic formula AABBBRR), in which the maternal form is wheat and secalotriticum hybrids (genomic formula RRAABBB) in which the maternal form is rye.
Sarcomatoid and Rhabdoid Renal Cell Carcinoma: Clinical, Pathologic, and Molecular Genetic Features.
Am J Surg Pathol
July 2024
Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
Article Synopsis
- Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with sarcomatoid and rhabdoid features exhibits aggressive behavior and poor prognosis, yet is not classified as a separate type in the 2022 WHO classification.
- Sarcomatoid RCC is characterized by malignant spindle cells, while rhabdoid cells display distinct eccentric nuclei and large inclusions, both showing unique molecular features that indicate a clonal evolution.
- New immunotherapy treatments targeting PD-1/PD-L1/CTLA-4 have shown promise, highlighting the importance of recognizing these specific tumor features for better management and treatment outcomes.
Macromolecular condensation organizes nucleolar sub-phases to set up a pH gradient.
Cell
April 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, James McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Center for Biomolecular Condensates, James McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. Electronic address:
Nucleoli are multicomponent condensates defined by coexisting sub-phases. We identified distinct intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs), including acidic (D/E) tracts and K-blocks interspersed by E-rich regions, as defining features of nucleolar proteins. We show that the localization preferences of nucleolar proteins are determined by their IDRs and the types of RNA or DNA binding domains they encompass.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKaryotype Variability in Wild L. Populations from Different Environmental Conditions in the Dinaric Alps.
Plants (Basel)
January 2024
Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, bâtiment 680-12, route 128, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
L. (Amaryllidaceae), a facultative serpentinophyte, is a highly variable species and particularly important ancestor of cultivated daffodils, but is rarely studied in field populations. This study, based on natural populations in the Balkans, focused on karyotype variability, genome size, ploidy and the presence of B chromosomes.
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