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Epilepsy and Diagnostic Dilemmas: The Role of Language and Speech-Related Seizures.
J Pers Med
April 2022
Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK.
Although the impact of epilepsy on expressive language is heavily discussed, researched, and scientifically grounded, a limited volume of research points in the opposite direction. What about the causal relationship between disorder-related language activities and epileptic seizures? What are the possible diagnostic dilemmas that experts in the field of speech-language pathology, neurology, and related fields face? How far has research gone in investigating psychogenic nonepileptic seizures, the misdiagnosis of which can be a thorny issue for clinicians and a detrimental factor for the patients' health? In order to address these questions, the study at hand focuses on a common, ever-intensified (by the COVID-19 pandemic) speech disorder-stuttering, and explores the pathophysiological and psychogenic background of the phenomenon. It also looks at the role of stuttering as a contributing factor to the appearance of epileptic seizures, in the hope of drawing attention to the complexity and importance of precise detection of stuttering-induced epilepsy, as a specific subcategory of language-induced epilepsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJuvenile myoclonic epilepsy as a spectrum disorder: A focused review.
Seizure
July 2017
Danish Epilepsy Centre, Kolonivej 1, 4293 Dianalund, Denmark; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. Electronic address:
In consequence of newer research juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is no longer seen as a homogeneous disease. The causes of the existing variance are only partially known yet. We discuss to what extent the phenotypical spectrum of this polygenetically determined disorder expresses genetically defined endophenotypes, or is due to mere quantitative differences in the expression of the core phenotype.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdult onset Rasmussen's encephalitis associated with reflex language induced seizures responsive to Rituximab therapy.
Seizure
November 2016
The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK. Electronic address:
Reflex epileptic mechanisms in humans: Lessons about natural ictogenesis.
Epilepsy Behav
June 2017
Danish Epilepsy Centre Filadelfia, Kolonivej 2, DK-4293 Dianalund, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Neurological Service, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. Electronic address:
The definition of reflex epileptic seizures is that specific seizure types can be triggered by certain sensory or cognitive stimuli. Simple triggers are sensory (most often visual, more rarely tactile or proprioceptive; simple audiogenic triggers in humans are practically nonexistent) and act within seconds, whereas complex triggers like praxis, reading and talking, and music are mostly cognitive and work within minutes. The constant relation between a qualitatively, often even quantitatively, well-defined stimulus and a specific epileptic response provides unique possibilities to investigate seizure generation in natural human epilepsies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImaging seizure activity: a combined EEG/EMG-fMRI study in reading epilepsy.
Epilepsia
February 2009
Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom.
Purpose: To characterize the spatial relationship between activations related to language-induced seizure activity, language processing, and motor control in patients with reading epilepsy.
Methods: We recorded and simultaneously monitored several physiological parameters [voice-recording, electromyography (EMG), electrocardiography (ECG), electroencephalography (EEG)] during blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in nine patients with reading epilepsy. Individually tailored language paradigms were used to induce and record habitual seizures inside the MRI scanner.
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