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Duration of immunity after inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV): how many booster doses are needed?
Clin Microbiol Infect
January 2025
MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
Bayesian Inference of Phylogenetic Distances: Revisiting the Eigenvalue Approach.
Bull Math Biol
January 2025
Section of Epidemiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Using genetic data to infer evolutionary distances between molecular sequence pairs based on a Markov substitution model is a common procedure in phylogenetics, in particular for selecting a good starting tree to improve upon. Many evolutionary patterns can be accurately modelled using substitution models that are available in closed form, including the popular general time reversible model (GTR) for DNA data. For more complex biological phenomena, such as variations in lineage-specific evolutionary rates over time (heterotachy), other approaches such as the GTR with rate variation (GTR ) are required, but do not admit analytical solutions and do not automatically allow for likelihood calculations crucial for Bayesian analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA multi-modal multi-branch framework for retinal vessel segmentation using ultra-widefield fundus photographs.
Front Cell Dev Biol
January 2025
Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, China.
Background: Vessel segmentation in fundus photography has become a cornerstone technique for disease analysis. Within this field, Ultra-WideField (UWF) fundus images offer distinct advantages, including an expansive imaging range, detailed lesion data, and minimal adverse effects. However, the high resolution and low contrast inherent to UWF fundus images present significant challenges for accurate segmentation using deep learning methods, thereby complicating disease analysis in this context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealthcare worker views on antimicrobial resistance in chronic respiratory disease.
Antimicrob Resist Infect Control
January 2025
Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Background And Objective: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global crisis, however, relatively little is known regarding its impact in chronic respiratory disease and the specific challenges faced by healthcare workers across the world in this field. We aimed to assess global healthcare worker views on the challenges they face regarding AMR in chronic respiratory disease.
Methods: An online survey was sent to healthcare workers globally working in chronic respiratory disease through a European Respiratory Society clinical research collaboration (AMR-Lung) focussed on AMR in chronic lung disease.
Modeling the Health and Economic Impact of Pharmacologic Therapies for MASLD in the United States.
J Hepatol
January 2025
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Background And Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a common condition leading to chronic liver disease which generates substantial health care costs. Our aim was to model the impact on disease and economic burden of a hypothetical pharmacologic therapy which halts MASLD fibrosis progression.
Methods: The U.
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