The applicability and reliability of the clinical usefulness of monitoring salivary theophylline concentrations as a predictive measure of serum concentrations was evaluated in a total of 59 children with asthma, divided in four groups. Three pharmacological preparations of oral theophylline (aqueous, alcoholic and slow release) were evaluated after single administration (groups 1-3); slow release theophylline was also tested in a steady state of metabolism in children under chronic therapy with the drug (group 4). Although a good correlation between theophylline concentrations in serum and saliva was observed in each group, the wide range of variability in serum levels predicted from salivary levels (20-60%) appears to limit the usefulness of this approach. The salivary measurements of theophylline may be useful as a general guide in management of patients, or in assessment of compliance.
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