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Effects of icosapent ethyl according to baseline residual risk in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: results from REDUCE-IT.
Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother
October 2024
Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CX, the Netherlands.
Aims: Icosapent ethyl lowers triglycerides and significantly reduces major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), though treatment effects may vary between individuals. This study aimed to determine the relative and absolute effects of icosapent ethyl on MACE according to baseline cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).
Methods And Results: Participants from the Reduction of Cardiovascular Events with Icosapent Ethyl-Intervention Trial (REDUCE-IT) with ASCVD were included (n = 5785).
Achievement of Target Gain Larger than Unity in an Inertial Fusion Experiment.
Phys Rev Lett
February 2024
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * This experiment produced 2.05 MJ of laser energy, resulting in 3.1 MJ of total fusion yield, which exceeds the Lawson criterion for ignition, demonstrating a key milestone in fusion research.
- * The report details the advancements in target design, laser technology, and experimental methods that contributed to this historic achievement, validating over five decades of research in laboratory fusion.
Triglyceride Lowering with Pemafibrate to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk.
N Engl J Med
November 2022
From the Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Division of Preventive Medicine (A.D.P., R.J.G., J.G.M., E.S.Z., B.M.E., N.P.P., J.E.B., P.M.R) and the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (B.M.E.,P.L., P.M.R.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Veteran Affairs Boston Health Care System (A.D.P., J.J.), and Kowa Pharma Development (R.O.) - all in Boston; University of Lille, Lille (J.-C.F.) and the Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Paris Cité University, Paris (P.A.) - both in France; Kowa Research Institute, Morrisville, NC (S.E.C.); the Division of Lipidology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (D.J.B.); Utah Lipid Center, Salt Lake City (E.A.B.); the University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (R.H.E.); the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (M.B.E.); the Division of Endocrinology, Universitário Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Belém (J.S.F.), and the Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School Hospital, and Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (R.D.S.), São Paulo - all in Brazil; Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (H.N.G.); Queen Giovanna University Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.); Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke (S.I.), the Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo (T.K.), and Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba (K.Y.) - all in Japan; Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München and German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich (W.K.), Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm (W.K.), and Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen (N.M.) - all in Germany; McMaster University and Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON (P.A.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto (L.A.L.) - both in Canada; Docencia, Asistencia Médica e Investigación Clínica Medical Institute-Rusculleda Foundation for Research, Córdoba, Argentina (A.J.L.); Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv (B.M.); Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev Gentofte, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen (B.G.N.); the Department of Medical Clinical Pharmacology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary (D.P.); the Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London (K.K.R.), and the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (H.S.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Russian Academy of Postgraduate Medical Education, Moscow (A.S.); and the Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland (M.T.).
Background: High triglyceride levels are associated with increased cardiovascular risk, but whether reductions in these levels would lower the incidence of cardiovascular events is uncertain. Pemafibrate, a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α modulator, reduces triglyceride levels and improves other lipid levels.
Methods: In a multinational, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes, mild-to-moderate hypertriglyceridemia (triglyceride level, 200 to 499 mg per deciliter), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels of 40 mg per deciliter or lower to receive pemafibrate (0.
Lawson Criterion for Ignition Exceeded in an Inertial Fusion Experiment.
Phys Rev Lett
August 2022
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * In inertially confined fusion, ignition allows the fusion process to spread into surrounding fuel, potentially leading to higher energy output.
- * Recent experiments at the National Ignition Facility achieved capsule gains of 5.8 and approached ignition, even though "scientific breakeven" has not yet been fully realized.
Icosapent Ethyl Reduces Ischemic Events in Patients With a History of Previous Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: REDUCE-IT CABG.
Circulation
December 2021
Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, and Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX (C.M.B.).
Background: Despite advances in surgery and pharmacotherapy, there remains significant residual ischemic risk after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.
Methods: In REDUCE-IT (Reduction of Cardiovascular Events With Icosapent Ethyl-Intervention Trial), a multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial, statin-treated patients with controlled low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and mild to moderate hypertriglyceridemia were randomized to 4 g daily of icosapent ethyl or placebo. They experienced a 25% reduction in risk of a primary efficacy end point (composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary revascularization, or hospitalization for unstable angina) and a 26% reduction in risk of a key secondary efficacy end point (composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke) when compared with placebo.
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