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Hydrogen-Free Plasma Nitriding Process for Fabrication of Expanded Austenite Layer on AISI 316 Stainless Steel Surface.
Materials (Basel)
January 2025
Faculty of Engineering, Kitami Institute of Technology, 165 Koen-cho, Kitami 090-8507, Hokkaido, Japan.
The addition of hydrogen to nitrogen facilitates the formation of nitride phases in the plasma nitriding processes of stainless steels, though it also induces the deterioration of their mechanical properties. This study presents a hydrogen-free plasma nitriding process for fabricating a nitrogen-expanded austenite phase (γ) on an AISI 316 stainless steel surface. The steel substrate was nitrided in N-Ar plasma with various gas compositions discharged by radio frequency (RF) and direct current (DC) modes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Review of Transparent Conducting Films (TCFs): Prospective ITO and AZO Deposition Methods and Applications.
Nanomaterials (Basel)
December 2024
Division of Physics, Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Sciences and Optical Science Center for Applied Research, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USA.
This study offers a comprehensive summary of the current states as well as potential future directions of transparent conducting oxides (TCOs), particularly tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), the most readily accessible TCO on the market. Solar cells, flat panel displays (FPDs), liquid crystal displays (LCDs), antireflection (AR) coatings for airbus windows, photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices, transparent p-n junction diodes, etc. are a few of the best uses for this material.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCo-treatment with melatonin and ortho-topolin riboside exhibits anti-proliferation activity in radioresistant MDA-MB-231 cells by altering metabolic and transcriptomic profiles.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
January 2025
College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Radiation therapy represents the primary treatment option for triple-negative breast cancer. However, radio resistance is associated with a poor prognosis and an increased risk of recurrence. Radioresistant MDA-MB-231 cells, a radioresistant triple-negative breast cancer cell line, were co-treated with ortho-topolin riboside and melatonin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpectroscopic characterization of buffer-gas-cooled lead monofluoride molecules in the BΣ(υ' = 0) ← XΠ(υ = 0) transition.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
November 2024
State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China; Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 150 Science 1 - Street, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China. Electronic address:
Establishing a nonzero measurement of the electron Electric Dipole Moment (eEDM) has long been a fundamental pursuit in atomic, molecular and optical physics, offering possible insights into new physics beyond the Standard Model. In this regard, lead monofluoride (PbF) has emerged as a potential candidate for measuring eEDM primarily due to its suitable properties such as the strong internal effective electric field, and eEDM-sensitive ground state with large Ω-doubling and small magnetic g factor. In the present work, we realized the production of a buffer-gas-cooled PbF molecular beam and characterized its high-resolution spectroscopy in the BΣ(υ'=0) ← XΠ(υ = 0) transition, including both direct absorption and laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLow-temperature gas-phase formation of cyclopentadiene and its role in the formation of aromatics in the interstellar medium.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822.
The cyclopentadiene (CH) molecule has emerged as a molecular building block of nonplanar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and carbonaceous nanostructures such as corannulene (CH), nanobowls (CH), and fullerenes (C) in deep space. However, the underlying elementary gas-phase processes synthesizing cyclopentadiene from acyclic hydrocarbon precursors have remained elusive. Here, by merging crossed molecular beam experiments with rate coefficient calculations and comprehensive astrochemical modeling, we afford persuasive testimony on an unconventional low-temperature cyclization pathway to cyclopentadiene from acyclic precursors through the reaction of the simplest diatomic organic radical-methylidyne (CH)-with 1,3-butadiene (CH) representing main route to cyclopentadiene observed in TaurusMolecular Cloud.
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