The inverse relationship between plasma levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and coronary heart disease rates has suggested that HDL might influence body stores of cholesterol. Therefore, we have investigated potential relationships between the parameters of body cholesterol metabolism and the plasma levels of HDL cholesterol and the major HDL apoproteins. The study involved 55 human subjects who underwent long-term cholesterol turnover studies, as well as plasma lipoprotein and apolipoprotein assays. In order to maximize the likelihood of detecting existing relationships, the subjects were selected to span a wide range of plasma levels of lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins. Single univariate correlation analyses suggested weak but statistically significant inverse relationships of HDL cholesterol and apoA-I levels with the following model parameters: production rate (PR), the mass of rapidly exchanging body cholesterol (M1), the minimum estimate of the mass of slowly exchanging body cholesterol (M3min), and of the mass of total exchangeable body cholesterol (Mtotmin). These correlations, however, were quantitatively quite small (/r/ = 0.28-0.42) in comparison to the strength of the univariate relationships between body weight and PR (r = 0.76), M1 (r = 0.61), M3min (r = 0.58), and Mtotmin (r = 0.78). Correlations for apoA-II and apoE levels were even smaller than those for apoA-I and HDL cholesterol. In additional analyses using multivariate approaches, HDL cholesterol, apoA-I, apoA-II, and apoE levels were all found not to be independent determinants of the parameters of body cholesterol metabolism (/partial r/ less than 0.17, P greater than 0.3 in all cases). Thus the weak univariate correlations reflect relationships of HDL cholesterol and apoA-I levels with physiological variables, such as body size, which are primarily related to the model parameters. We conclude that plasma levels of HDL cholesterol and apoproteins A-I, A-II, and E are not quantitatively important independent determinants of the mass of slowly exchanging body cholesterol or of other parameters of long-term cholesterol turnover in humans. These studies give no support to the hypothesis that the inverse relationship between HDL cholesterol levels and coronary heart disease rates is mediated via an influence of HDL on body stores of cholesterol.
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Urology
January 2025
State University of Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil; Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará. Electronic address:
Background: The decline in testosterone levels among older men remains a subject of debate. While some cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have reported a decrease in testosterone with advancing age, others have not observed this trend. In this study, we aimed to evaluate testosterone levels and identify predictors of low testosterone in an age-stratified cohort of men.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Nutr ESPEN
January 2025
Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK; Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health (IFNH), University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK. Electronic address:
Background & Aims: Cardiometabolic traits are complex interrelated traits that result from a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors. This study aimed to assess the interaction between genetic variants and dietary macronutrient intake on cardiometabolic traits [body mass index, waist circumference, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triacylglycerol, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting serum glucose, fasting serum insulin, and glycated haemoglobin].
Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of 468 urban young adults aged 20 ± 1 years, and it was conducted as part of the Study of Obesity, Nutrition, Genes and Social factors (SONGS) project, a sub-study of the Young Lives study.
Clin Nutr ESPEN
January 2025
University of Medical Sciences, Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań, Poland.
Background & Aims: The developmental origin of health and disease hypothesis shows that early adverse exposures can have lifelong health effects. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the impact of choline intake during pregnancy and/or lactation on gene expression profiles in the liver of 24-day-old male rat offspring from dams with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Methods: Phenotypic characteristic, histological examination and global transcriptome pattern of liver tissue specimens obtained from offspring of dams suffering from fatty liver, provided with proper choline intake during pregnancy and lactation (NN), fed a choline-deficient diet during both periods (DD), deprived of choline only during pregnancy (DN), or only during lactation (ND), was performed.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
December 2024
Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Universidade Do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil. Electronic address:
Aims: Postmenopausal women experience an increase in cardiovascular, sexual, and emotional changes that can significantly impact their quality of life. Although phytoestrogens offer therapeutic benefits, our understanding of resveratrol's effects remains limited. This study aims to evaluate the effects of using resveratrol on the lipid profile of postmenopausal women.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Endocrinol Metab
January 2025
Professor of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle WA.
Diabetes is associated with increased atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Disordered lipid metabolism is a major contributor to ASCVD risk in diabetes. Dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes is characterized by hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol and the presence of small, dense LDL particles.
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