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Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol
January 2025
Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.
Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder of gut-brain interaction affecting 5% of the population. The cardinal symptoms are abdominal pain and altered stool form or frequency.
Areas Covered: Diagnosis and management of IBS.
Neurogastroenterol Motil
January 2025
Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Background: Constipation is one of the most common non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), which could manifest during the early stage of the disease. However, the etiology of constipation in PD remains largely unknown. Previous studies supported that gastrointestinal dysfunction may be associated with functional connectivity alterations in paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Brain Mapp
February 2025
Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
In contrast to blood-oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI), which relies on changes in blood flow and oxygenation levels to infer brain activity, diffusion fMRI (DfMRI) investigates brain dynamics by monitoring alterations in the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of water. These ADC changes may arise from fluctuations in neuronal morphology, providing a distinctive perspective on neural activity. The potential of ADC as an fMRI contrast (ADC-fMRI) lies in its capacity to reveal neural activity independently of neurovascular coupling, thus yielding complementary insights into brain function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Pharm Des
January 2025
Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University Pharma Innovation Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology Bathinda India.
Aim: The aim of the current study was to explore nano-formulation for effective neuroprotection by auranofin.
Background: Currently, the treatment options for various CNS disorders, particularly neurodegenerative disorders, are greatly constrained. A significant obstacle in this pursuit is the blood-brain barrier, a shielding covering that hinders the route of numerous biochemical treatments into the brain.
Addict Biol
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Morphine dependence or addiction is a serious global public health and social problem, and traditional treatments are very limited. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as a new potential treatment for drug addiction. Repeated use of morphine leads to neuroadaptive and molecular changes in the addiction-related brain regions.
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