Histological and electrophysiological studies of the frog primordial hippocampus described coordinates of the hippocampus within the telencephalon. Receptive fields of hippocampal neurons were compared with those of other neurons within the visual system. Neurons with excitatory on-off responses and tonic type of responses were shown to prevail. The majority of the primordial hippocampus neurons turned out to be liable to "habituation", i.e. to be the "novelty neurons".
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Mol Neurobiol
January 2025
Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) manifests progressive muscular dystrophy and non-progressive central nervous disorder. The neural disorder is possibly caused by abnormalities in the developmental period; however, basic research to understand the mechanisms remains underdeveloped. The responsible gene, Dmd (dystrophin), generates multiple products derived from several gene promoters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
November 2024
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Section on Cellular and Synaptic Physiology, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Opioid receptors within the CNS regulate pain sensation and mood and are key targets for drugs of abuse. Within the adult rodent hippocampus (HPC), μ-opioid receptor agonists suppress inhibitory parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV-INs), thus disinhibiting the circuit. However, it is uncertain if this disinhibitory motif is conserved in other cortical regions, species, or across development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Technol
July 2023
State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China.
This study aimed to investigate the transgenerational effects of tributyltin exposure on rat neurodevelopment in male offspring and the potential mechanisms. Neonatal female rats were exposed to the environmental level of tributyltin and then mated with nonexposed males after sexual maturity to produce the F1 generation. The F1 generation (with primordial germ cell exposure) was mated with nonexposed males to produce nonexposed offspring (the F2 and F3 generations).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Prev Med
June 2021
Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common age-dependent dementia. The complex natural accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) precursor protein in hippocampus neurons is regarded as the earliest pathological feature of AD, although there are cholinergic assumptions and effective inflammation in AD. In this animal experimental study, we evaluated the preventive effect of hyoscyamoside (Hyo) and donepezil (Dz) on plaque formation and improvement of neurogenic inflammation in AD rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Psychol
March 2021
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States.
Recent advances in the neuroscience of episodic memory provide a framework to integrate object relations theory, a psychoanalytic model of mind development, with potential neural mechanisms. Object relations are primordial cognitive-affective units of the mind derived from survival- and safety-level experiences with caretakers during phase-sensitive periods of infancy and toddlerhood. Because these are learning experiences, their neural substrate likely involves memory, here affect-enhanced episodic memory.
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