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Radiation exposure in neurosurgical intensive care unit patients: Balancing diagnostic benefits and long-term risks.
Life Sci
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Philipps University of Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35033 Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), 35043 Marburg, Germany.
Background: X-ray, computed tomography (CT), and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) techniques are indispensable in managing critically ill neurosurgical patients. However, repeated diagnostic imaging leads to cumulative radiation exposure, raising concerns about long-term risks such as malignancies. This study evaluates the frequency, dosage, and implications of radiation exposure in a neurosurgical intensive care unit (NICU) patient cohort.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDysregulation of lung epithelial cell homeostasis and immunity contributes to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease severity.
mSphere
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Coronaviruses (CoV) emerge suddenly from animal reservoirs to cause novel diseases in new hosts. Discovered in 2012, the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is endemic in camels in the Middle East and is continually causing local outbreaks and epidemics. While all three newly emerging human CoVs from the past 20 years (SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV) cause respiratory disease, each CoV has unique host interactions that drive differential pathogeneses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLocal envenomation by green pit viper complicated with airway obstruction.
Turk J Emerg Med
January 2025
Department of Emergency and Trauma, Hospital Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, Pahang, Malaysia.
Snake-related injury (SRI) is one of the most common medical emergencies encountered in tropical countries such as Malaysia. The majority of snake bites are nonvenomous, while the less common venomous snakebite can cause major disability or even death. There are 16 pit viper species documented in Malaysia which can be categorized based on their habitat.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMount Fuji sign in invasive fungal rhinosinusitis.
BMJ Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Respiratory Diseases, KU Leuven University Hospitals Leuven Gasthuisberg Campus, Leuven, Belgium
We report on a fatal case of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis with after lung transplantation. After endoscopic treatment and adjuvant medical therapy with isavuconazole, caspofungin and an investigational antifungal drug, there was a good clinical response with absence of endoscopic and radiographic disease. However, the patient developed disease recurrence, with signs of intracranial involvement on MRI, for which urgent endoscopic sinus surgery was performed and isavuconazole was restarted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarbon monoxide alleviates endotoxin-induced acute lung injury via NADPH oxidase inhibition in macrophages and neutrophils.
Biochem Pharmacol
January 2025
Division of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address:
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by severe infection and often complicates acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and acute lung injury (ALI) due to the collapse of the oxidative and inflammatory balance induced by microbial pathogens, including lipopolysaccharides (LPS). In sepsis-related ARDS/ALI, NADPH oxidase (NOX) and toll-like receptors (TLR) in neutrophils and macrophages are key players in initiating oxidative and inflammatory imbalances. Although NOX and TLR activation has been linked to carbon monoxide (CO), the mechanism by which CO affects sepsis-related ARDS/ALI through NOX and TLR remains unknown.
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