WAG rats were exposed to hyperthermia. Neurons manifested acute swelling in all portions of the brain. At the ultrastructural level these phenomena were characterized by an increase in the size of the bodies and nuclei of neurons, complete dissociation of polysomes, swelling of some cisterns of the endoplasmatic reticulum and perinuclear space, and destruction of the mitochondria of apical processes. Hyperchromic (dark) cells were found to be more resistant to acute swelling. The question is discussed whether this pathology of neural cells is reversible. The role of this pathology in the neuropathology of febrile schizophrenia is considered.
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