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Case report: a rare concurrence of dense deposit disease in an adolescent patient with IgA nephropathy.

BMC Pediatr

January 2025

Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China.

Background: Dense deposit disease (DDD) is a rare renal disorder major affecting adolescents and children, characterized by an absence of distinctive clinical symptoms. Its coexistence with other renal conditions complicates both diagnosis and treatment in clinical practice.

Case Presentation: We described a 15-year-old male adolescent presenting with nephrotic syndrome as the initial manifestation, with urinalysis indicating significantly elevated protein and erythrocytes.

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Objectives: To analyse the aetiological spectrum, clinical presentation and short-term renal outcomes of patients with acute kidney injury of uncertain aetiology subjected to percutaneous renal biopsy.

Methods: The prospective, cohort study was conducted at the Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, from March 1 to October 30, 2024, and comprised hospitalised acute kidney injury patients of either gender aged 18- 75 years who had been subjected to percutaneous renal biopsy. The patients were followed up for at least three months from the time of the biopsy.

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Introduction: Complement 3 glomerulopathy (C3G) and primary immune complex membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (IC-MPGN) have high risks for disease recurrence and allograft loss in transplant kidneys. Pegcetacoplan (targeted complement 3 [C3]/C3b inhibitor) may prevent excessive deposition of C3 and complement 5 [C5] breakdown products and associated renal damage.

Methods: NOBLE (NCT04572854) is a prospective, phase 2, multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of pegcetacoplan in posttransplant patients with recurrent C3G or IC-MPGN.

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Introduction: Approximately 50% of patients with C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) and primary immune complex-mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (IC-MPGN) reach kidney failure 10 years after diagnosis. Because these patients are generally young, the majority will be listed for kidney transplantation (KTx). However, reported outcomes in patients transplanted for C3G and IC-MPGN are heterogeneous and conflicting, because they are mainly based on retrospective monocentric studies.

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