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A Rare Clinical Confluence: Metachromatic Leukodystrophy and Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis.
Indian J Nephrol
August 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
An augmented transformer model trained on protein family specific variant data leads to improved prediction of variants of uncertain significance.
Hum Genet
January 2025
TCS Research, Tata Consultancy Services, Hyderabad, India.
Variants of uncertain significance (VUS) represent variants that lack sufficient evidence to be confidently associated with a disease, thus posing a challenge in the interpretation of genetic testing results. Here we report an improved method for predicting the VUS of Arylsulfatase A (ARSA) gene as part of the Critical Assessment of Genome Interpretation challenge (CAGI6). Our method uses a transfer learning approach that leverages a pre-trained protein language model to predict the impact of mutations on the activity of the ARSA enzyme, whose deficiency is known to cause a rare genetic disorder, metachromatic leukodystrophy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnifying biology of neurodegeneration in lysosomal storage diseases.
J Inherit Metab Dis
January 2025
Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
There are currently at least 70 characterised lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) resultant from inherited single-gene defects. Of these, at least 30 present with central nervous system (CNS) neurodegeneration and overlapping aetiology. Substrate accumulation and dysfunctional neuronal lysosomes are common denominator, but how variants in 30 different genes converge on this central cellular phenotype is unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpectrum of ARSA mutations in Iranian patients with metachromatic leukodystrophy.
Biochem Genet
January 2025
Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the arylsulfatase A (ARSA) gene. Few studies have assessed the spectrum of ARSA mutations among Iranian patients. Here, we report eight Iranian patients with clinical features of MLD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetachromatic Leukodystrophy in Morocco: Identification of Causative Variants by Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS).
Genes (Basel)
November 2024
Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
(1) Background: Most rare disease patients endure long delays in obtaining a correct diagnosis, the so-called "diagnostic odyssey", due to a combination of the rarity of their disorder and the lack of awareness of rare diseases among both primary care professionals and specialists. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques that target genes underlying diverse phenotypic traits or groups of diseases are helping reduce these delays; (2) Methods: We used a combination of biochemical (thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry), NGS (resequencing gene panels) and splicing assays to achieve a complete diagnosis of three patients with suspected metachromatic leukodystrophy, a neurologic lysosomal disorder; (3) Results: Affected individuals in each family were homozygotes for harmful variants in the gene, one of them novel (c.854+1dup, in family 1) and the other already described (c.
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