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Human carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) plays a key role in maintaining pH homeostasis of malignant neoplasms, thus creating a favorable microenvironment for the growth, invasion, and metastasis of tumor cells. Recent studies have established that inhibition of CAIX expressed on the surface of tumor cells significantly increases the efficacy of classical chemotherapeutic agents and makes it possible to suppress the resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapy, as well as to increase their sensitivity to drugs (in particular, to reduce the required dose of cytostatic agents). In this work, we studied the ability of new CAIX inhibitors based on substituted 1,2,4-oxadiazole-containing primary aromatic sulfonamides, to potentiate the cytostatic effect of gefitinib (selective inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase domain) under hypoxic conditions.

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Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, orexin, and sleep-wake cycle: The link with the neurodegeneration.

Handb Clin Neurol

January 2025

Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Sleep Medicine Centre, Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) significantly affects the sleep-wake circadian rhythm through intermittent hypoxia and chronic sleep fragmentation. OSAS patients often experience excessive daytime sleepiness, frequent awakenings, and sleep fragmentation, leading to a disrupted circadian rhythm and altered sleep-wake cycle. These disruptions may exacerbate OSAS symptoms and contribute to neurodegenerative processes, particularly through the modulation of clock gene expression such as CLOCK, BMAL1, and PER.

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Effects of in vitro cytochalasin D and hypoxia on mitochondrial energetics and biogenesis, cell signal status and actin/tubulin/Hsp/MMP entity in air-breathing fish heart.

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol

January 2025

Department of Zoology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram 695581, Kerala, India; Inter-University Centre for Evolutionary and Integrative Biology-iCEIB, School of Life Sciences, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram 695 581, Kerala, India; Sastrajeevan Integrative Project, Centre for Integrative Stress and Ease-cRISE, Gregorian College of Advanced Studies, Sreekariyam, Thiruvananthapuram 695017, Kerala, India. Electronic address:

The cardiac actin cytoskeleton has a dynamic pattern of polymerisation. It is uncertain how far actin destabilisation impacts mitochondrial energetics and biogenesis, cell signal status, and structural entities in cardiomyocytes, particularly in hypoxic conditions. We thus tested the in vitro action of cytochalasin D (Cyt D), an inhibitor of actin polymerisation, in hypoxic ventricular explants to elucidate the role of the actin in mitochondrial energetics and biogenesis, cell signals and actin/tubulin/hsps/MMPs dynamics in hypoxic air-breathing fish hearts.

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Objective: Cancer cells undergo adaptive processes that favor their survival and proliferation when subjected to different types of cellular stress. These changes are linked to oncogenic processes such as genetic instability, tumor proliferation, therapy resistance, and invasion. Therefore, this study aimed to review studies that discuss possible morphological and genetic changes acquired by neoplastic cells under stressful conditions.

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Anaerobic probiotics-in situ Se nanoradiosensitizers selectively anchor to tumor with immuno-regulations for robust cancer radio-immunotherapy.

Biomaterials

January 2025

Department of Pharmacy of Puning People's Hospital (Guangdong Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base of Jinan University), Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangdong, 510632, China. Electronic address:

Developing translational nanoradiosensitizers with multiple activities in sensitizing tumor cells and re-shaping tumor immunosuppressive microenvironments are urgently desired for addressing the poor therapeutic efficacy of radiotherapy in clinic. Inspired by the anaerobic and immunoagonist properties of the probiotic (bifidobacterium longum, BL), herein, a biomimetic Selenium nanoradiosensitizer in situ-formed on the surface of the probiotic (BL@SeNPs) is developed in a facile method to potentiate radiotherapy. BL@SeNPs selectively target to hypoxia regions of tumors and then anchor on the surface of tumor cells to inhibit its proliferation.

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