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Background And Aim: There is paucity of data about the prevalence of cirrhosis and portal hypertension in the US general population.
Methods: We used National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES 2017-2020) to estimate the prevalence of cirrhosis and clinically significant (CS)-portal hypertension in alcoholic liver disease (ALD), MetALD, viral hepatitis (VH) to include chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and chronic hepatitis C (CHC), and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Cirrhosis was evaluated using liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography or FIB-4 score; CS-portal hypertension was defined via LSM and platelet count or the use of non-selective beta-blockers in the presence of cirrhosis.
Social health determinants associated with mammography performance according to the 2013 and 2019 National Health Survey.
Cien Saude Colet
January 2025
Universidade Federal do Ceará. R. Alexandre Baraúna 1115, Rodolfo Teófilo. 60430-160 Fortaleza CE Brasil.
Mammography is one of the main methods available for breast cancer screening in Brazil. However, differences in timely access and performance of the exam can be highlighted based on social determinants of health, considered relevant due to their influence on the health situation of a population. Thus, the present study aimed to identify the social determinants of health associated with access to and performance of mammography in Brazilian women.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProportional mortality and years of potential life lost due to liver diseases among agricultural workers, Brazil, 2017 to 2022.
Cad Saude Publica
January 2025
Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brasil.
This study aimed to describe the profile and calculate the years of potential life lost (YPLL) due to liver diseases in Brazilian agricultural workers from 2017 to 2022. For this, we analyzed microdata available in the Brazilian Mortality Information System considering the underlying cause of death with codes K70-K77 (International Classsification of Disease, 10th revision - ICD-10) as the outcome of interest. Workers' profile was characterized according to sociodemographic variables and Brazilian regions, forming a comparison group with all other Brazilian workers aged from 18-69 years who died in the same period and from the same underlying cause.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProgram Director Perspectives on DEI Initiatives in the Dermatology Residency Selection Process.
Cutis
December 2024
Ogechi Obed, Ivan Rodriguez, and Dr. Worswick are from the Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Karen Lam is from the Department of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles. Dr. Van Beek is from the Department of Dermatology, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City. Dr. Rosenblatt is from the Section of Dermatology, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Illinois. Dr. Saavedra is from the Department of Dermatology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville.
The American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) has maintained a commitment to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives; however, a recent strike down of affirmative action by the US Supreme Court has caused similar efforts to be called into question. This prompted our investigation into dermatology program director (PD) perceptions of DEI programming and its integration into resident selection. A cross-sectional survey of PDs at US dermatology residency programs was conducted from April 2024 to July 2024 (N=30).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClimate change aggravates bird mortality in pristine tropical forests.
Sci Adv
January 2025
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus 69060-001, Amazonas, Brazil.
Stable understory microclimates within undisturbed rainforests are often considered refugia against climate change. However, this assumption contrasts with emerging evidence of Neotropical bird population declines in intact rainforests. We assessed the vulnerability of resident rainforest birds to climatic variability, focusing on dry season severity characterized by hotter temperatures and reduced rainfall.
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