Severity: Warning
Message: fopen(/var/lib/php/sessions/ci_sessionlnr2e1l1gnvkiptr8tjldjsfc4q539n2): Failed to open stream: No space left on device
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 177
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: session_start(): Failed to read session data: user (path: /var/lib/php/sessions)
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 137
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09&a=1): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 197
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 197
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 271
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3145
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 575
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 489
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Radiation-induced xerostomia (RIX) is a common and debilitating side effect of head and neck cancer radiotherapy, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. This review comprehensively summarizes the current understanding of RIX, encompassing its clinical quantification, underlying pathophysiology, and established and emerging treatment modalities. We explore various objective and subjective measures used to quantify salivary flow and assess the severity of xerostomia in clinical settings. The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to RIX are elucidated, including radiation damage to salivary glands, alterations in saliva composition, and the role of inflammatory processes. Current treatment strategies, such as saliva substitutes and stimulants, are discussed alongside their limitations. Furthermore, we delve into novel investigational approaches, including gene therapy, stem cell transplantation, and pharmacologic interventions, offering promising avenues for future RIX management. This review provides clinicians and researchers with a comprehensive overview of RIX, highlighting the need for continued research to develop more effective preventative and therapeutic strategies to alleviate this burdensome condition.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semradonc.2025.02.006 | DOI Listing |
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!