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Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles that encompass a diverse array of bioactive molecules, including proteins, lipids, mRNA, and microRNA(miRNA). Virtually all cell types release exosomes under both physiological and pathological conditions. In addition to electrical and chemical signals, exosomes are an alternative route of signaling between cells in the brain. In the brain, they are involved in processes such as synaptic plasticity, neuronal stress response, intercellular communication, and neurogenesis. A number of studies have shown that exosomes regulate the occurrence and development of depression by participating in the regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, immune inflammatory response and other mechanisms, showing that they may become potential biological agents for the diagnosis and treatment of depression. In addition, exosomes have the ability to easily cross the blood-brain barrier, making them ideal drug or molecular delivery tools for the central nervous system. Engineered exosomes have good brain targeting ability, and their research in central nervous system diseases has begun to emerge. However, the molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of depression remain unknown, and further studies are needed to fully understand the role of exosomes in the development or improvement of depression. Therefore, in this review, we mainly focus on the diagnostic performance and therapeutic effect of exosomes in depression, and explore the advantages of exosomes as biomarkers and gene delivery vectors for depression.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2025.123558 | DOI Listing |
Clin Chim Acta
March 2025
Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Electronic address:
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a highly life-threatening disease in men, causing numerous deaths worldwide. As PCa is often diagnosed at a late stage, current diagnostic methods can be invasive and sometimes lead to unnecessary treatments. Therefore, new non-invasive approaches are needed to detect biomarkers for more rapid and accurate PCa diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Biochem Biophys
March 2025
Guangxi International Zhuang Medical Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China. Electronic address:
Endometriosis is a chronic estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease that significantly affects women's health. Polygala fallax Hemsl. (PFH), a traditional Zhuang medicine, has been frequently used for gynecological disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathol Res Pract
March 2025
Department of Oncology, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an 710100, China. Electronic address:
Background: Exosomes are released by most cell types, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), transfer diverse macromolecules and participate in intercellular communication in cancer. However, whether M2-polarized TAMs (M2-TAMs)-derived exosomes (M2-exos) transmit the oncogenic protein malate dehydrogenase 1 (MDH1) to reprogram lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cancer cells is unknown.
Methods: THP-1-differentiated macrophages were co-cultured with A549 cells to generate TAMs (M0-TAMs and M2-TAMs).
Phytomedicine
March 2025
Department of Oncology and Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250001, China. Electronic address:
Background: Myeloma-related bone disease (MBD) is a common complication of multiple myeloma (MM) that deteriorates patients' quality of life and affects overall survival. Modulating the interaction between myeloma cells and the bone marrow microenvironment may offer therapeutic potential. While certain natural medicines may regulate bone homeostasis by directly targeting osteoclasts or osteoblasts, few studies have explored the effects of intervening in myeloma cells on osteoclasts, particularly through the role of exosomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Clin Lab Sci
January 2025
Department of Ultrasound, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Objective: During acute myocardial infarction (AMI), ferroptosis occurs in cardiomyocytes, leading to ventricular remodeling. To investigate the influence of exosomes (Exo) derived from adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) on cardiomyocytes, a therapeutic approach to resolve AMI may be discovered.
Methods: The Exo of AD-MSCs was isolated and identified, and internalized into cardiomyocytes.
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