Evaluation of and gene expression in male infertility patients with low or high sperm DNA fragmentation.

Objective: The transition nuclear protein 1 () gene is a member of the TNP family and is abundantly expressed during spermatogenesis. Protamine 1 (), another sperm nuclear protein, is abundant in many species. The present study aimed to evaluate transition nuclear protein 1 () and protamine 1 () gene expression in infertile male patients with low and high sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF).

Material And Methods: Semen samples (n=100) were obtained from male participants undertaking treatment with intracytoplasmic sperm injection. The expression levels of and PRM1 were measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The data were compared with statistical tests, (independent samples T- or Mann-Whitney U) as appropriate. A p<0.05 was considered significant.

Results: Patients with low-SDF exhibited a significantly lower sperm concentration compared to those with high-SDF (p=0.002). There was significant down regulation of (p=0.036) and (p=0.04) in patients exhibiting high-SDF levels compared to those with low-SDF levels. A significant moderate positive correlation was observed between the relative expression levels of and (r=0.459, p<0.001).

Conclusion: In the present study and were differentially expressed in male patients being treated for infertility and who had low or high-SDF.