Calmodulin (CaM) family members play crucial roles in the response to various abiotic stresses. However, the functions of CaMs in the response to drought stress in maize are unclear. In this study, a CaM gene, , was isolated from the maize () inbred line B73. The coding sequence (CDS) of was 450 bp with a protein of 149 aa which contains four EF-hand motifs. The ZmCaM2-1 protein was located in the cell nucleus and membrane, and is able to bind to Ca. was strongly induced by drought, NaCl, and low-temperature treatments, except for abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. Overexpression of in was found to decrease the drought tolerance with lower antioxidant enzyme activity and greater reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the phenotype and ABA-related gene expression levels between -overexpressing and the wild type (WT) under ABA treatment. These results indicate that negatively regulates the tolerance of to drought stress through the ABA-independent pathway.
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