Hepatocellular carcinoma is poorly responsive to immune checkpoint blockade. In a recent issue of Science, Varanasi et al. reveal how bile acids dampen anti-tumor CD8 T cell responses in the liver, contributing to cancer progression and poor immunotherapy outcomes.
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Mimicry-based strategy between human and commensal antigens for the development of a new family of immune therapies for cancer.
J Immunother Cancer
February 2025
Enterome, Paris, Île-de-France, France
Background: Molecular mimicry between commensal bacterial antigens and tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) has shown potential in enhancing antitumor immune responses. This study leveraged this concept using commensal bacterial antigens, termed OncoMimics, to induce TAA-derived peptide (TAAp)-specific cross-reactive cytotoxic T cells and improve the efficacy of peptide-based immunotherapies.
Methods: The discovery of OncoMimics primarily relied on a bioinformatics approach to identify commensal bacteria-derived peptide sequences mimicking TAAps.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is among the most common age-associated diseases in men; however, the contribution of age-related changes in immune cells to BPH is not clear. The current study determined that an age-associated CD8 T cell subset (Taa) with high Granzyme K ( ) and low Granzyme B ( ) gene expression infiltrate aged human prostates and positively correlate with International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). A velocity analysis indicated that CD8 T cell differentiation is altered in large BPH prostates compared to small age-matched prostates, favoring Taa accumulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA KIF20A-based thermosensitive hydrogel vaccine effectively potentiates immune checkpoint blockade therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.
NPJ Vaccines
January 2025
First Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Surgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly prevalent malignancy with limited treatment efficacy despite advances in immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. The inherently weak immune responses in HCC necessitate novel strategies to improve anti-tumor immunity and synergize with ICB therapy. Kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A) is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed in HCC, and it could be a promising target for vaccine development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCorrelation between immune microenvironment and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of primary large B-cell lymphoma of immune-privileged sites.
Pathol Res Pract
December 2024
Department of Pathology, The Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, No. 789 Suzhou Dongjie, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur 830011, PR China. Electronic address:
Objectives: To explore the correlation between tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and tumor-associated angiogenesis (TAA) in the tumor microenvironment with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of primary large B-cell lymphoma of immune-privileged sites (LBCL-IP).
Methods: A total of 46 cases of LBCL-IP from the Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, from January 2010 to February 2024, were collected, along with clinical and follow-up data of LBCL-IP patients. Immunohistochemistry and triple immunofluorescence were used to detect related proteins of TAMs, TILs, and TAA, and to analyze the correlation between TAMs, TILs, TAA, and the polarization of TAMs with the clinical and prognostic factors of LBCL-IP patients.
Cancer Vaccines: Recent Insights and Future Directions.
Int J Mol Sci
October 2024
HERVOLUTION Therapeutics, Copenhagen Bio Science (COBIS), 215 Nordre Fasanvej, DK2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
The field of cancer immunotherapy has seen incredible advancements in the past decades. mRNA-based cancer vaccines generating de novo T cell responses, particularly against tumor-specific antigens (TSAs), have demonstrated promising clinical outcomes and overcome diverse challenges. Despite the high potential of neoantigens to provide personalized immunotherapies through their tumor specificity and immunogenicity, challenges related to the scarcity of immunogenic neoepitopes have prompted continuous research towards finding new tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and broader therapeutic frameworks, which may now learn from the genuine successes obtained with neoantigens.
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