We report the cosolvency effect of formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI) in a mixture of γ-butyrolactone (GBL) and 2-methoxyethanol (2ME), a phenomenon where FAPbI shows higher solubility in the solvent blend than in either alone. We found that FAPbI exhibits 10× higher solubility in 30% 2ME in GBL than in 2ME alone and 40% higher solubility than in GBL alone at 90 °C. This enhanced solubility is attributed to the disruption of the hydrogen bonding network within 2ME, allowing its hydroxyl and ether groups to interact more freely with the solute. Leveraging this phenomenon, we grew phase-stable α-FAPbI thin single crystals under ambient air conditions with no doping. Compared to conventional cesium-doped FAPbI, the undoped FAPbI single-crystal films exhibited lower defect densities and enhanced charge retention and transfer while also avoiding phase segregation linked to cesium incorporation. Solar cells fabricated with these ambient-air-grown single-crystal films achieved an efficiency of 21.56% (17.72% for cesium-doped FAPbI), retaining 90% of performance after six months of storage. These findings advance our understanding of perovskite solubility in solvent blends and offer an efficient pathway for producing stable, high-efficiency FAPbI single-crystal solar cells through ambient air fabrication, overcoming the limitations of doping.
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We report the cosolvency effect of formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI) in a mixture of γ-butyrolactone (GBL) and 2-methoxyethanol (2ME), a phenomenon where FAPbI shows higher solubility in the solvent blend than in either alone. We found that FAPbI exhibits 10× higher solubility in 30% 2ME in GBL than in 2ME alone and 40% higher solubility than in GBL alone at 90 °C. This enhanced solubility is attributed to the disruption of the hydrogen bonding network within 2ME, allowing its hydroxyl and ether groups to interact more freely with the solute.
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Chem Sci
February 2025
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
With the unprecedented research development on lead halide perovskite photovoltaics, scaling up fabrication while comprehensively understanding the properties of cost-effective and highly uniform precursor films has become critical for their practical application. When enlarging the device area, good precursor purity serves as the first step in ensuring the uniformity of the perovskite film. Chemical purity and colloidal uniformity in the precursor solution both play important roles in dictating film uniformity and defect density.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo-Step Chemical Vapor Deposition for Fabrication of FAPbI Single-Crystal Microsheets with High Exciton Binding Energy.
Langmuir
November 2024
Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, School of Optical Information and Energy Engineering, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Equipment Intensification and Intrinsic Safety, Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Green Chemical Equipment, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China.
Hybrid perovskites exhibit highly efficient optoelectronic properties and find widespread applications in areas such as solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, and lasers. Here, we report the innovative synthesis of formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI) single-crystal microsheets via a two-step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The microsheets exhibit hexagonal and trapezoidal shapes, with hexagonal FAPbI growing parallel to the substrate and trapezoidal FAPbI growing perpendicular to the substrate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle Crystal Seed Induced Epitaxial Growth Stabilizes α-FAPbI in Perovskite Solar Cells.
Nano Lett
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CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
FAPbI stands out as an ideal candidate for the photoabsorbing layer of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), showcasing outstanding photovoltaic properties. Nonetheless, stabilizing photoactive α-FAPbI remains a challenge due to the lower formation energy of the competitive photoinactive δ-phase. In this study, we employ tetraethylphosphonium lead tribromide (TEPPbBr) single crystals as templates for the epitaxial growth of PbI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHighly Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cell Using Pure δ-FAPbI Single Crystals.
Small
December 2023
Functional Crystallization Center, Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, Republic of Korea.
Article Synopsis
- A new method for preparing pure δ-formamidinium lead triiodide (δ-FAPbI) single crystals involves a liquid-phase reaction and crystallization to ensure high purity, resulting in efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs).
- The resulting α-FAPbI inverted PSCs achieve impressive power conversion efficiencies (PCE), with a maximum recorded at 23.48% and improved to 25.07% by surface treatment.
- Notably, the long-term stability of the unencapsulated device shows it retains 97.22% of its initial efficiency after 1,000 hours of continuous illumination, outperforming control devices.
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