Network pharmacology combined with molecular docking and experimental validation of the mechanism of action of columbianetin acetate in the treatment of ovarian cancer.

Background: Ovarian cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumor of the female reproductive system and has the highest mortality rate among gynecological cancers. Columbianetin acetate (CE) is one of the active ingredients of Angelica sinensis, which has good antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its potential mechanism of action in ovarian cancer remains unclear. This study used network pharmacology and molecular docking technology to investigate the molecular mechanism and material basis of CE in the treatment of ovarian cancer, and further verified by experiments.

Methods: Relevant targets for CE were obtained from TCMSP and SwissTargetPrediction databases. OMIM, GeneCards and DisGeNET databases were applied to screen ovarian cancer-related targets. The STRING database to obtain protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Then key targets were obtained using Cytoscape software, followed by expression, survival and ROC diagnostic analyses of core genes using R software. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed using the DAVID database. Binding ability of CE to core targets was assessed by molecular docking. KEGG sites were used to predict core gene-related pathways. Subsequently, cellular experiments were performed to further investigate the molecular mechanism of CE treatment for ovarian cancer.

Results: A total of 55 CE-ovarian cancer interaction targets were identified using network pharmacology techniques. Among these, eight key targets -ESR1, GSK3B, JAK2, MAPK1, MDM2, PARP1, PIK3CA, and SRC-were screened using Cytoscape software. Core genes ESR1, GSK3B and JAK2 were obtained based on expression, prognostic and diagnostic values using R software. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that CE treatment of ovarian cancer might be related to PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, ErbB signaling pathway and Ras signaling pathway. The molecular docking results showed that CE had good binding ability with core targets ESR1, GSK3B and JAK2. The results of cellular experiments indicated that CE may inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of ovarian cancer and promote apoptosis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/GSK3B pathway.

Conclusions: Based on the network pharmacology approach, we predicted the potential mechanism of CE for the treatment of ovarian cancer, which provided a new idea for further research on its pharmacological mechanism.