Introduction: Focal impaired awareness seizures are a common neurological disorder characterized by abnormal electrical activity in a specific brain region, resulting in impaired consciousness and neurological symptoms. Treatment options for patients may include antiepileptic medications, lifestyle modifications, or, in some cases, surgical intervention aimed at resecting the area of the brain responsible for seizure generation. Shunt malfunction can lead to seizures in cases of hydrocephalus; however, seizures triggered by stimulation of a specific brain area by the shunt catheter post-placement have not been reported.
Case: This case provides a compelling example of a seizure triggered by the stimulation of a foreign body in the ventricle. The patient is a 31-year-old man who suffered seizures due to the proximal catheter remaining in the ventricle.
Conclusion: In general, accidental events during surgery should be carefully investigated and taken into consideration. And if necessary, timely intervention should be done to eliminate possible complications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e42918 | DOI Listing |
Heliyon
February 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Introduction: Focal impaired awareness seizures are a common neurological disorder characterized by abnormal electrical activity in a specific brain region, resulting in impaired consciousness and neurological symptoms. Treatment options for patients may include antiepileptic medications, lifestyle modifications, or, in some cases, surgical intervention aimed at resecting the area of the brain responsible for seizure generation. Shunt malfunction can lead to seizures in cases of hydrocephalus; however, seizures triggered by stimulation of a specific brain area by the shunt catheter post-placement have not been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosurg Clin N Am
April 2025
Department of Neurological Surgery, Ohio State University College of Medicine, 410 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 4th Floor Faculty Office Building, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA. Electronic address:
This article provides an in-depth review of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts for managing hydrocephalus and idiopathic intracranial hypertension, with a focus on advanced surgical techniques and strategies to prevent complications. It examines the placement of ventricular, lumbar, peritoneal, atrial, and pleural catheters, highlighting the benefits of neuro-navigation, endoscopic visualization, and laparoscopic-assisted approaches. Evidence-based methods to reduce shunt infections, malfunctions, and overdrainage are discussed, along with a comparative analysis of shunt types tailored to individual patient needs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosurg Clin N Am
April 2025
Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK; Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK. Electronic address:
The introduction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage shunts has made treatment of hydrocephalus possible. However, failure rate is still high. Choice of shunt components could significantly reduce the need for revision, particularly using antisiphon devices and adjustable valves, at least in older patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)
March 2025
Division of Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Background And Objectives: Hemispherotomy represents definitive treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy with unilateral hemispheric onset. Traditional approaches involve a large incision and open craniotomy, with associated risks of blood loss, infection, poor wound healing, pain, cosmetic concerns, and long hospital stays. The authors describe a minimally invasive hemispherotomy technique through a single burr hole overlying the Sylvian fissure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAsian J Neurosurg
March 2025
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, India.
 Ventriculoatrial (VA) shunts have the potential to preserve life in the event of failure of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts. Contrary to VP shunts, they are susceptible to consequences, particularly cardiac problems. There are no established guidelines for screening patients following VA shunt placement regarding prevention, anticoagulant treatment, or risk factor screening.
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