What do children do when they do not want to obey but cannot afford to disobey? Might they, like adults, feign misunderstanding and seek out loopholes? Across four studies (N = 723; 44% female; USA; majority White; data collected 2020-2023), we find that loophole behavior emerges around ages 5 to 6 (Study 1, 3-18 years), that children think loopholes will get them into less trouble than non-compliance (Study 2, 4-10 years), predict that other children will be more likely to exploit loopholes when goals conflict (Study 3, 5-10 years), and are increasingly able to generate loopholes themselves (Study 4, 5-10 years). This work provides new insights on how children navigate the gray area between compliance and defiance and the development of loophole behavior across early and middle childhood.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cdev.14222 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Learning Loopholes: The Development of Intentional Misunderstandings in Children.
Child Dev
March 2025
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
What do children do when they do not want to obey but cannot afford to disobey? Might they, like adults, feign misunderstanding and seek out loopholes? Across four studies (N = 723; 44% female; USA; majority White; data collected 2020-2023), we find that loophole behavior emerges around ages 5 to 6 (Study 1, 3-18 years), that children think loopholes will get them into less trouble than non-compliance (Study 2, 4-10 years), predict that other children will be more likely to exploit loopholes when goals conflict (Study 3, 5-10 years), and are increasingly able to generate loopholes themselves (Study 4, 5-10 years). This work provides new insights on how children navigate the gray area between compliance and defiance and the development of loophole behavior across early and middle childhood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConsiderations for Research in States with Recent or Pending Legalization of Non-Medical Cannabis: Lessons Learned from Alcohol and Opportunities for Research.
Curr Addict Rep
August 2024
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Purpose Of Review: In the alcohol research literature, many studies demonstrate the impact of advertisements, outlet density, and perceived norms on attitudes and behaviors. Now that Washington State has exceeded 11 years of legal cannabis for non-medical purposes, building upon the existing evidence base with alcohol, we can examine what contributes to perceived harm and availability with cannabis in a legal context and begin to explore opportunities for future research.
Recent Findings: In this commentary, we consider how cannabis with high THC concentration is viewed, explore trends surrounding impaired driving, discuss loopholes in legislation that have allowed for the emergence of synthetic cannabinoids, and examine pandemic-related decisions made by lawmakers related to cannabis use.
"I Don't Really Understand It All!": A Qualitative Study of Parental Perceptions of Australian Vaping Laws.
Health Promot J Austr
April 2025
Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
Issue Addressed: Adolescent vaping is a persistent public health concern. In response to this, Australia's regulatory environment has been rapidly evolving. As parents play a key role to mitigate adolescent vaping, the aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of parents of young people (aged 14-17 years) regarding Australian vaping laws, prior to the 2024 policy changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the Users' Perspective of the Nationwide Self-Exclusion Service for Gambling Disorder, "Spelpaus": Qualitative Interview Study.
JMIR Hum Factors
January 2025
Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Background: Problem gambling and gambling disorder cause severe social, psychiatric, and financial consequences, and voluntary self-exclusion is a common harm reduction tool used by individuals with gambling problems.
Objective: The aim of this study was to explore users' experience of a novel nationwide, multioperator gambling self-exclusion service, "Spelpaus," in Sweden and to inform stakeholders and policy makers in order to improve harm reduction tools against gambling problems.
Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 individuals who reported self-perceived gambling problems and who had experience of having used the self-exclusion service Spelpaus in Sweden.
Irregularly regulated collecting markets: antiquities, fossils, and wildlife.
Crime Law Soc Change
September 2024
Faculty of Law, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
This paper examines the dynamics of 'irregularly regulated markets', specifically those dealing with what we term 'criminogenic collectables': antiquities, fossils, and wildlife. Through the lens of 'irregular regulation' we consider how inconsistencies and loopholes in legal frameworks contribute to criminal activities in these markets. We outline five ways that such markets can be considered irregular: socially, jurisdictionally, temporally, culturally and discursively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!