Few normative data for unsupervised, remotely-administered computerized cognitive measures are available. We examined variables to include in normative models for Mayo Test Drive (MTD, a multi-device remote cognitive assessment platform) measures, developed normative data, and validated the norms. 1240 Cognitively Unimpaired (CU) adults ages 32-100 years (96% White) from the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging and Mayo Alzheimer's Disease Research Center with Clinical Dementia Rating of 0 were included. We converted raw scores to normalized scaled scores and derived regression-based normative data adjusting for age, age, sex, and education (base model); alternative norms are also provided (age + age + sex; age + age). We assessed additional terms using an cut-off of 1% variance improvement above the base model. We examined low test performance rates (< -1 ) in independent validation samples ( = 167 CU, = 64 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), = 14 dementia). Rates were significantly different when 95% confidence intervals (CI) did not include the expected 14.7% base rate. No model terms met the cut-off beyond the base model, including device type, response input source (e.g. mouse, etc.), or session interference. Norms showed expected low performance rates in CU and greater rates of low performance in MCI and dementia in independent validation samples. Typical normative models appear appropriate for remote self-administered MTD measures and are sensitive to cognitive impairment. Device type and response input source did not explain enough variance for inclusion in normative models but are important for individual-level interpretation. Future work will increase the inclusion of individuals from under-represented groups.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2025.2469340 | DOI Listing |
Elife
March 2025
Department of Complex Systems, Institute of Computer Science of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
Longitudinal neuroimaging studies offer valuable insight into brain development, ageing, and disease progression over time. However, prevailing analytical approaches rooted in our understanding of population variation are primarily tailored for cross-sectional studies. To fully leverage the potential of longitudinal neuroimaging, we need methodologies that account for the complex interplay between population variation and individual dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJMIR Form Res
March 2025
McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, South Belknap, Belmont, US.
Background: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a rare, hereditary disease that causes disruption in phenylalanine (Phe) metabolism. Despite early intervention, individuals with PKU may have difficulty in several different cognitive domains, including verbal fluency, processing speed, and executive functioning.
Objective: The overarching goal of the Evaluating Fluctuations in Cognitive and Speech Characteristics in Phenylketonuria study (CSP Study) is to characterize the relationships among cognition, speech, mood, and blood-based biomarkers (Phe, Tyr) in individuals with early treated PKU.
Eval Rev
March 2025
Graduate School of Education, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
The recognition that researcher discretion coupled with unconscious biases and motivated reasoning sometimes leads to false findings ("p-hacking") led to the broad embrace of study preregistration and other open-science practices in experimental research. Paradoxically, the preregistration of quasi-experimental studies remains uncommon although such studies involve far more discretionary decisions and are the most prevalent approach to making causal claims in the social sciences. I discuss several forms of recent empirical evidence indicating that questionable research practices contribute to the comparative unreliability of quasi-experimental research and advocate for adopting the preregistration of such studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWomens Health (Lond)
March 2025
Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Background: Retention of weight postpartum increases risk for long-term morbidity, including cardiometabolic disease. Although retained weight postpartum is a complex problem, interventions generally address individual diet and activity behaviors.
Objectives: We investigated the impact of social-network factors on postpartum health behaviors and weight.
In the UK, cohabitation has become the normative type of first co-residential partnership. While some couples go on to marry, others increasingly continue to cohabit or break up. One possible explanation is the rise in young people's economic precariousness.
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