DNA methylation is a key epigenetic mark found in both eukaryotic as well as prokaryotic genomes. It is essential for regulating expression of genes and preservation of genomic integrity. Both plants and animals possess specific proteins that mediate biological effects of DNA methylation. Many families of such methylated DNA binding proteins have been discovered in plants; the most prominent of them being the methyl-CpG- binding domain (MBD) proteins. Some of the MBD proteins have the ability to recognize methylated CpGs in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we have described MBD proteins and their functions in a wide range of cellular processes in various plant species. We have also outlined their mechanism of action and interacting protein partners.
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