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Nicotine Exposure From Smoking Tobacco and Vaping Among Adolescents.
JAMA Netw Open
March 2025
Department of Addictions, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Importance: It remains unknown whether nicotine intake among youths who vape is lower, comparable, or higher than among youths who smoke.
Objective: To examine potential differences in biomarkers of exposure to nicotine (1) between adolescents who smoke tobacco, vape, both vape and smoke (dual use), or do not use; (2) between adolescents in 3 countries; and (3) by nicotine content and form in the vaping product last used among adolescents who exclusively vaped.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This population-based, observational cross-sectional study invited adolescents aged 16 to 19 years in Canada, England, and the US who had previously completed national surveys to participate in a biomarker study based on their vaping and smoking status.
Evaluation of planned and achieved root angulation changes in teeth adjacent to mandibular premolar extraction sites in patients treated with Invisalign: A retrospective study.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop
March 2025
Orthodontic Unit, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. Electronic address:
Introduction: This study aimed to determine the efficacy of Invisalign (Align Technology, Santa Clara, Calif) in achieving planned root angulation of molars, premolars, and canines adjacent to mandibular premolar extraction sites.
Methods: Digital models of adult patients treated with Invisalign aligners and extraction of at least 1 mandibular first (L4) or second (L5) premolar between 2013 and 2019 were evaluated after import into the Geomagic Control X (3D Systems, Rock Hill, SC) metrology platform.
Results: Thirty-one patients, comprising 30 L4 and 25 L5 extractions, were assessed.
Evaluation of antiseizure medication concentration ranges in blood samples using an automated big data approach.
Epilepsia
March 2025
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk, Denmark.
Objective: The aim of the study is to provide insight into the real-world use of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for the most common antiseizure medications (ASMs).
Methods: In total, 137 586 samples from the period 2019-2023 were collected from the five main Danish laboratories performing TDM. A previously described algorithm developed to exclude abnormal TDM results from patient data was applied.
Tryptophan and Its Metabolite Serotonin Impact Metabolic and Mental Disorders via the Brain-Gut-Microbiome Axis: A Focus on Sex Differences.
Cells
March 2025
Program in Cell, Molecular, and Structural Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA.
The crisis of metabolic and mental disorders continues to escalate worldwide. A growing body of research highlights the influence of tryptophan and its metabolites, such as serotonin, beyond their traditional roles in neural signaling. Serotonin acts as a key neurotransmitter within the brain-gut-microbiome axis, a critical bidirectional communication network affecting both metabolism and behavior.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex Disparities in P53 Regulation and Functions: Novel Insights for Personalized Cancer Therapies.
Cells
February 2025
Istituto di Genetica Molecolare Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IGM-CNR), 20133 Pavia, Italy.
Epidemiological studies have revealed significant sex differences in the incidence of tumors unrelated to reproductive functions, with females demonstrating a lesser risk and a better response to therapy than males. However, the reasons for these disparities are still unknown and cancer therapies are generally sex-unbiased. The tumor-suppressor protein p53 is a transcription factor that can activate the expression of multiple target genes mainly involved in the maintenance of genome stability and tumor prevention.
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