The software-defined networking (SDN) paradigm relies on the decoupling of the control plane and data plane. Northbound interfaces enable the implementation of network services through logical centralised control. Suitable northbound interfaces and application-oriented abstractions are the core of the SDN ecosystem. This article presents an architecture to represent the network as a graph. The purpose of this architecture is to implement an abstraction of the SDN controller at the application plane. We abstract all network elements using a graph model, with the attributes of the elements as the attributes of the graph. This virtualized logical abstraction layer, which is not limited by the physical network, enables network administrators to schedule network resources directly in a global view. The feasibility of the presented graph abstraction was verified through experiments in topological display, dynamic route, access control, and data persistence. The performance of the shortest path in the graph-based abstraction layer and graph database proves the necessity of the graph abstraction layer. Empirical evidence demonstrates that the graph-based abstraction layer can facilitate network slicing, maintain a dependable depiction of the real network, streamline network administration and network application development, and provide a sophisticated abstraction that is easily understandable to network administrators.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.2674 | DOI Listing |
Med Biol Eng Comput
March 2025
School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, No.15, Yongyuan Road, Huangcun Town, Daxing District, Beijing, 102616, China.
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved remarkable success in computer vision, particularly in medical image segmentation. U-Net, a prominent architecture, marked a major breakthrough and remains widely used in practice. However, its uniform downsampling strategy and simple stacking of convolutional layers in the encoder limit its ability to capture rich features at multiple depths, reducing its efficiency for rapid image processing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeerJ Comput Sci
February 2025
School of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang College of Science and Technology, Korla, Xinjiang, China.
The software-defined networking (SDN) paradigm relies on the decoupling of the control plane and data plane. Northbound interfaces enable the implementation of network services through logical centralised control. Suitable northbound interfaces and application-oriented abstractions are the core of the SDN ecosystem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHumans and other animals readily generalize abstract relations, such as recognizing constant in shape or color, whereas neural networks struggle. To investigate how neural networks generalize abstract relations, we introduce SimplifiedRPM, a novel benchmark for systematic evaluation. In parallel, we conduct human experiments to benchmark relational difficulty, enabling direct model-human comparisons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Fr Ophtalmol
March 2025
Centre hospitalier intercommunal de Créteil, 40, avenue de Verdun, 94000 Créteil, France; Asso DMLA, 40, avenue de Verdun, 94000 Créteil, France.
Atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD) represents a detrimental progression of age-related maculopathy, characterized by advanced retinal lesions associated with drusen and pseudodrusen as well as alterations in the outer retinal layers and RPE. It is characterized by a thinning of the neuroretinal tissue linked to the disappearance of the outer layers of the retina and the RPE. Our goal is to offer to ophthalmologists recommendations in the diagnosis and management of atrophic AMD with a standardized approach, in order to facilitate and optimize the management of this disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi
March 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
To investigate the role of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), cysteine aspartic protease 1 (caspase-1) and gasdermin D in the pathogenesis of high altitude retinopathy (HAR). This study is an experimental research. Twelve 8- to 10-week-old male c57BL/6J mice without a specific pathogen grade were randomly divided into the HAR group (HAR model) and control group (normal pressure and oxygen environment) according to the random number table method.
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