Role of Genetic Mutations in Periodontitis Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases and Allied Ailments: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition, has been increasingly associated with systemic health issues, particularly cardiovascular diseases. This systematic review and meta-analysis explores the role of genetic mutations in periodontitis patients with cardiovascular diseases and allied ailments.

Methodology: Conducted a comprehensive search across databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library to identify relevant studies on the association between genetic mutations, periodontal disease severity, and cardiovascular outcomes. Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria, primarily comprising observational studies with varying levels of risk of bias.

Results: Our analysis revealed that specific genetic mutations, such as those in TLR 2, TLR 4, NF-kB, and IL-4 genes, significantly increase the risk of periodontitis and exacerbate cardiovascular conditions like coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke. These findings underscore the importance of integrating genetic screening into the management of periodontal and cardiovascular diseases. The results also emphasize the need for interdisciplinary collaboration between dental and medical professionals to develop personalized treatment strategies.

Conclusion: In conclusion, genetic mutations play a pivotal role in the susceptibility and severity of periodontitis in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Understanding these genetic factors could lead to improved diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches, addressing the dual burden of periodontal disease and cardiovascular ailments. Future research should focus on large-scale, longitudinal studies to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms and develop targeted interventions for these interconnected health issues.