Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) materials have emerged as a revolutionary class of functional compounds, driven by their unique ability to utilize excitons from both singlet and triplet states for efficient fluorescence emission. This manuscript provides an overview of recent innovations in TADF material design, focusing on molecular strategies to achieve optimal TADF properties, including small singlet-triplet energy gaps (Δ ) and high photoluminescence quantum yields. We explore the diverse applications of TADF materials, spanning OLEDs, biomedical imaging, photosensitizers, photocatalysis, UV photodetectors (UVOPDs), electrogenerated chemiluminescence, triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) sensitizers, organic hybrid microwire radial heterojunctions, multicolor luminescent micelles, mechano-luminescence (ML), light-emitting electrochemical cells (LEECs), and fluorescent probes. The integration of TADF materials in these technologies highlights their potential to enhance performance and efficiency. Through this review, we aim to elucidate the fundamental principles governing TADF behavior and present a forward-looking perspective on the synthetic methodologies and new, versatile applications of materials.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d5ra00157a | DOI Listing |
Nanoscale
March 2025
Key Laboratory of Materials for High Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
The confined synthesis of carbon dots (CDs) in solid matrixes is a promising avenue for developing new afterglow materials. Benefiting from the advantages of the sol-gel preparation of nanoporous glass, we report transparent glass-confined CDs with tunable afterglow luminescence. Switchable thermally-activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of CDs were achieved by adjusting the sintering temperature and ion doping.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
March 2025
City University of Hong Kong, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), HONG KONG.
Through-space charge transfer (TSCT) rather than the commonly postulated metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) process was proposed in getting the lowest lying excited state of newly designed Ir(III) blue phosphors. Accordingly, two benzo[d]imidazolylidene pro-chelates L12H2+ and L13H2+, one with two cyano groups at the peri-benzo and N-aryl pendent and the other with its peri-cyano group being replaced with methyl substituent, were employed in syntheses of Ir(III) complexes f-ct12b,c and f-ct13b,c. Notably, complexes f-ct12b,c exhibited the traditional MLCT process, while f-ct13b,c were dominated by the TSCT transition, resulting in a smaller S1-T1 energy gap ΔEST.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRSC Adv
March 2025
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) materials have emerged as a revolutionary class of functional compounds, driven by their unique ability to utilize excitons from both singlet and triplet states for efficient fluorescence emission. This manuscript provides an overview of recent innovations in TADF material design, focusing on molecular strategies to achieve optimal TADF properties, including small singlet-triplet energy gaps (Δ ) and high photoluminescence quantum yields. We explore the diverse applications of TADF materials, spanning OLEDs, biomedical imaging, photosensitizers, photocatalysis, UV photodetectors (UVOPDs), electrogenerated chemiluminescence, triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) sensitizers, organic hybrid microwire radial heterojunctions, multicolor luminescent micelles, mechano-luminescence (ML), light-emitting electrochemical cells (LEECs), and fluorescent probes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Commun (Camb)
March 2025
Advanced Photofunctional Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Delhi NCR, NH-91, Tehsil Dadri, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Greater Noida 201314, Uttar Pradesh, India.
We studied how ether-linked benzophenone and dibenzofuran/dibenzothiophene-functionalized benzophenone as auxiliary groups in carbazole-phthalonitrile conjugates influence aggregation-enhanced thermally activated delayed fluorescence (AE-TADF). CDBFPN and CDBTPN exhibited AE-TADF due to their unique butterfly-shaped geometries. In contrast, CBPN faces aggregation-caused quenching, underscoring the critical role of these functionalized groups in boosting the blue TADF properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
March 2025
Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China.
Synthetic methodology is a fundamental framework for preparing functional materials, significantly advancing their development. Herein, a novel 6π electrocyclization reaction is unexpectedly discovered that promotes further ring closure in materials derived from multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) compounds, known for their narrow emission. By simply raising the reaction temperature, this process significantly red-shifts the emission peak of the target material while effectively narrowing its emissive width and greatly enhancing its optoelectronic performance.
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