Magnetotactic Bacteria (MTB) are a diverse group of microorganisms that use magnetosomes, organelles composed of magnetite or greigite, to navigate along geomagnetic fields. While MTB span several phyla and exhibit diverse phenotypes, magnetosome formation has been mechanistically studied in only two species of . Here, we use RS-1 to uncover the mechanisms behind tooth-shaped magnetosome assembly in deep-branching MTB. Our findings reveal that RS-1 magnetic particles initially form randomly within the cell before localizing to the positive cell curvature. Genetic and proteomic analyses indicate that early biomineralization involves membrane-associated proteins found in all MTB, while later stages depend on coiled-coil (Mad20, 23, 25, and 26) and actin-like (MamK and Mad28) proteins, most of which are unique to deep-branching MTB. These findings suggest that while biomineralization originates from a common ancestor, magnetosome chain formation has diverged evolutionarily among different MTB lineages.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.24.639979 | DOI Listing |
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Magnetotactic Bacteria (MTB) are a diverse group of microorganisms that use magnetosomes, organelles composed of magnetite or greigite, to navigate along geomagnetic fields. While MTB span several phyla and exhibit diverse phenotypes, magnetosome formation has been mechanistically studied in only two species of . Here, we use RS-1 to uncover the mechanisms behind tooth-shaped magnetosome assembly in deep-branching MTB.
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Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are a broad and diverse group of Gram-negative prokaryotes that biomineralize magnetosomes, organelles composed of a magnetic nanocrystal of magnetite (FeO) or greigite (FeS) and enveloped by a biological membrane. Magnetosomes are arranged in one or more chains intracellularly, which impart a magnetic moment to the cell. These structures permit a passive orientation of the MTB with the geomagnetic field lines (GML), which, when associated with swimming propelled by flagella, originate a phenomenon called magneto-aerotaxis, an important life strategy in a chemical stratified environment.
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Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are Gram-negative, ubiquitous, aquatic, flagellated, microaerophilic, or anaerobic microorganisms exhibiting magnetotactic behaviour based on magnetosomes, which are the structural signature of the group. Magnetosomes are ferrimagnetic nanocrystals surrounded by a lipid bilayer, usually aligned in chain(s) within the cell. Environmental abiotic conditions such as salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and oxidation-reduction potential may drive the diversity of MTB populations in environments.
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