This study evaluated the bidirectional associations between peer defending and social status (perceived popularity and likability) as well as gender and grade differences in these associations. Cross-lagged panel models were used to assess these longitudinal relationships in a sample comprised of elementary school students (Grades 5-8, N = 301, M = 12.38, collected in May and November 2019) and high school students (Grades 9-12, N = 296, M = 15.69, collected in November 2022 and May 2023) collected from five schools in southern Ontario, Canada. Findings revealed that overall, popularity and likability predicted future peer defending, and students who defended others became more liked over time. Additionally, our exploratory analyses indicated that boys in elementary school who defended became more popular overtime. These findings extend previous investigations into the bidirectional associations between social status and peer defending, while considering the impacts of gender and cohort. Implications of these findings are discussed in terms of their novelty and considerations for bullying prevention programs.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ab.70024 | DOI Listing |
Aggress Behav
March 2025
Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.
This study evaluated the bidirectional associations between peer defending and social status (perceived popularity and likability) as well as gender and grade differences in these associations. Cross-lagged panel models were used to assess these longitudinal relationships in a sample comprised of elementary school students (Grades 5-8, N = 301, M = 12.38, collected in May and November 2019) and high school students (Grades 9-12, N = 296, M = 15.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
March 2025
Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Uva, Valladolid, Spain.
Macrophages, crucial innate immune cells, defend against pathogens and resolve inflammation, maintaining tissue balance. They perform phagocytosis, present antigens to T cells, and bond innate and adaptive immunity through various activation states. Classical activation is associated with Th1 responses and interferon γ production, while alternative activation, induced by interleukin 4, is characterized by increased endocytosis, reduced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and roles in immunoregulation and tissue remodeling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Promot Int
January 2025
Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, WC1E 7HT, London, United Kingdom.
There is a growing body of evidence for how health harming industries (HHIs) engage in similar practices to influence science and policymaking. However, limited attention has been paid to the pesticide industry within the commercial determinants of health (CDOH) field. We conducted a scoping review to map practices adopted by the pesticide industry to influence science and policymaking and to assess the breadth and focus of the associated literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Aff Sch
February 2025
JAMA Editorial Office, 330 N. Wabash Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, United States.
Scientific, technical, and medical (STM) publishers follow 3 basic tenets: (1) no compensation for peer reviewers; (2) manuscript submission only to one journal; and (3) no dissemination of manuscripts while under review. An antitrust lawsuit was filed in federal district court against STM publishers challenging these tenets. The lawsuit will have important implications for how STM research is published and will also affect authors and editors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAggress Behav
January 2025
Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
Reputational peer nominations are a common method for measuring involvement in aggression-related behaviors, encompassing the roles of aggressor, victim, and defender, but may be influenced by students' affective (dis)liking relationships. This social network study investigated whether dyad- and group-level (dis)liking relationships affect perceptions of classmates' involvement in physical aggression and explored the moderating roles of classroom moral disengagement and defending norms. The study employed a longitudinal design with two time points 6 months apart, encompassing 27 classrooms and 632 early adolescents.
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