Tropical theileriosis is a significant tick-borne disease affecting cattle. For decades an empirical live attenuated vaccine has been the primary method of controlling disease. The vaccine is produced through prolonged culture of Theileria annulata schizont-transformed macrophages, but how loss of virulence occurs remains unclear. Notably attenuated (vaccine) macrophages display dampened dissemination potential compared with their original, virulent counterparts. In addition, parasite schizonts in attenuated macrophages have significantly lost their ability to differentiate into merozoites. This review discusses the changes that occur during long-term passage of T. annulata-transformed bovine macrophages and how they contribute to loss of virulence, defined as heightened dissemination. Finally, we also suggest that a common parasite-dependent pathway is potentially involved in both macrophage dissemination and parasite merogony.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2025.02.007 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Vaccination in multiple sclerosis: Tackling challenges and paving the way for effective immunization.
Mult Scler
March 2025
Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Background: Vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) presents unique challenges. Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) can increase infectious risks, though these are largely preventable through immunizations. However, DMTs can also reduce vaccine efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFE3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH5 positively regulates Japanese encephalitis virus infection by catalyzing the K27-linked polyubiquitination of viral E protein and inhibiting MAVS-mediated type I interferon production.
mBio
March 2025
College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Membrane-associated RING-CH-type finger (MARCH) proteins, a class of E3 ubiquitin ligases, have been reported to be involved in the infection of multiple viruses and the regulation of type I interferon (IFN) production. However, the specific role and mechanisms by which MARCH proteins influence Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection remain poorly understood. Here, we systematically investigate the functional relevance of MARCH proteins in JEV replication by examining the effects of siRNA-mediated knockdown of MARCHs on viral infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessing dengue seroprevalence among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Rome, Italy: insights from the 2023 Italian autochthonous outbreak.
Travel Med Infect Dis
March 2025
Dipartimento di Sicurezza e Bioetica, Sezione Malattie Infettive, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; UOC Malattie Infettive, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Background: Global warming has facilitated the spread of mosquito-borne diseases, including dengue, to non-endemic areas like Italy. People living with HIV (PLWH) are at increased risk of severe dengue, especially during secondary infections, but current vaccination options are constrained by safety considerations. This study assesses the seroprevalence of IgG anti-DENV among PLWH in Italy, after the 2023 Italian autochthonous outbreak.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDesign and development of a novel multi-epitope DNA vaccine candidate against infectious bronchitis virus: an immunoinformatic approach.
Arch Microbiol
March 2025
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, No. 22, Jinjing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300392, People's Republic of China.
Avian infectious bronchitis (IB) is one of the major respiratory diseases in poultry. At present, attenuated vaccines are the main commercial vaccines, but they have many defects. We aimed to construct a novel multi-epitope DNA vaccine based on avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) S1 and N proteins for the prevention of IBV infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEFFECTIVE ANTIBODY RESPONSE OF AFRICAN WILD DOGS () TO CANINE DISTEMPER VACCINATION WITH A LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINE.
J Zoo Wildl Med
March 2025
Cheetah Conservation Fund, Otjiwarongo, Namibia,
Vaccinating African wild dogs () against canine distemper virus (CDV) using live attenuated vaccines (LAV) has been controversial because of limitations in the vaccines' effectiveness and safety. However, CDV is a significant pathogen for African wild dogs, and CDV LAV are currently the only vaccines readily available on the African continent, making them a crucial tool for conservation. There are few studies exploring immunogenicity of CDV LAV, and even less information pertaining to optimal vaccination protocols.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!