Exploring an accurate uric acid (UA) detection method is of paramount importance for early disease diagnosis. In this study, we have developed a novel near-infrared (NIR) probe that integrates upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with polymetallic oxomolybdate (POM) clusters to achieve precise UA quantification. The strong absorption of POM peaking at 825 nm effectively quenched the fluorescence emission of UCNPs at 806 nm under 980 nm laser excitation through the resonance energy transfer effect. Upon introducing UA along with uricase, hydrogen peroxide generated from the catalytic reaction significantly diminished POM absorption, thereby restoring UCNP fluorescence by up to 19.5-fold. By leveraging the distinctive features of NIR dual-readout and NIR excitation, the interference from biological samples can be significantly mitigated. Consequently, the probe demonstrated excellent selectivity and sensitivity towards UA. For the colorimetric assay, the linear range for UA detection was 5-100 μM with a low detection limit of 0.283 μM, while the fluorescence method demonstrated a linear range of 1-60 μM with a detection limit as low as 11.74 nM. We successfully and accurately quantified UA in human serum, highlighting its great potential for biochemical and clinical applications.
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