Effect of various final irrigation solutions at different temperatures on dentin tubule penetration of bioceramic-based root canal sealer.

Background: To evaluate the effect of 4 final irrigation solutions at different temperatures on dentin tubule penetration of bioceramic-based sealer using the warm vertical compaction method with a laser scanning confocal microscope (CLSM).

Methods: In total, 180 human maxillary incisors were prepared. Different final irrigation solutions [distilled water, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), peracetic acid, or 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate (HEBP)] at various temperatures (25, 36, or 60˚C) were used. Obturation was performed via warm vertical compaction using a bioceramic-based sealer. Three horizontal sections were obtained from each specimen and observed using CLSM. The maximum penetration depth, penetration area, and penetration percentage were measured. Comprasions were performed using three-way robust ANOVA, and Bonferroni correction (P < 0.05).

Results: The effects of different solutions and temperatures on the maximum sealer penetration depth were similar (P > 0.05). Different temperatures significantly affected the penetration area in the apical section at EDTA (60 °C > 25 °C, P < 0.05), and in middle section at peracetic acid (36 °C > 60 °C, P < 0.05). In addition, different temperatures significantly affected penetration percentage in the middle section of the HEBP (60 °C > 25 °C, P < 0.05). The effect of cross-sectional area was significant in all parameters (Coronal > Middle > Apical, P < 0,05).

Conclusions: According to the results of this study, heating of the final irrigation solution may affect sealer penetration.