Efficacy and safety of adenosine for supraventricular tachycardia: A meta-analysis utilizing BioMedGPT-LM-7B.

Background: Patients with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) often experience multiple clinical symptoms that require emergency treatment. This study utilized BioMedGPT-LM-7B, an artificial intelligence (AI) model, to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of adenosine/adenosine triphosphate (ATP) versus calcium channel blockers (CCBs) in SVT treatment.

Methods: This study conducted a comprehensive search of multiple medical databases, as well as major trial registries up to December 2024. We performed dual screening and assessment using BioMedGPT-LM-7B and the traditional Cochrane bias risk tool. The primary outcomes were the rate of sinus rhythm restoration and major adverse events, while secondary outcomes included time to restoration, relapse to SVT post-reversion, and any minor adverse events. Outcome measurements were based on odds ratios (OR) and Mean Difference (MD), with the quality of primary outcomes assessed using the GRADE method.

Results: This study included 10 RCTs with a total of 960 SVT patients admitted to the emergency department. Comparing BioMedGPT-LM-7B with the traditional Cochrane bias risk tool, we found no significant differences in random sequence generation and selective reporting. Moderate evidence showed no difference between adenosine/ATP and CCBs in restoring sinus rhythm (OR = 1.44, 95% CI [0.89,2.34]), but adenosine/ATP had a shorter time to reversion (MD = 423,24, 95% CI [293.54, 552.93]). However, the research findings show a lower level of evidence regarding differences in side effects among the drugs mentioned above. Three cases of hypotension were reported in the CCB group, whereas none were reported in the adenosine group.

Conclusion: Adenosine/ATP and CCBs have similar efficacy in treating SVT, but adenosine/ATP has a shorter conversion time and no reported cases of hypotension. Clinical studies indicate that adenosine has a higher success rate and faster conversion time in restoring sinus rhythm compared to ATP, with milder side effects. However, further prospective studies are needed to evaluate patient experience and potential adverse events, ensuring a more comprehensive understanding of treatment safety and efficacy. Additionally, this study showcases BioMedGPT-LM-7B's potential for medical data analysis and future meta-analyses.